Genus: Edmontosaurus LAMBE, 1917
Etymology: In reference to the Edmonton Formation, in Alberta, Canada, and Greek,
sauros, “lizard”: “Edmonton lizard”.
= Edmontasaurus STOKES, 1988 (sic)
= Edomontosaurus CHAPMAN & BRETT-SURMAN, 1990 (sic)
= Ugrunaaluk MORI, DRUCKENMILLER, & ERICKSON, 2016
Etymology:
Transliterated from the Alaskan Inupia noun ugrunnaq, referring to a grazing
animal with a long set of grinding teeth, and the adjective -aluk, old.
literally, "ancient grazer". The name honors the Alakan Native Inupiq culture
from the area where the type material was discovered.
Species: regalis LAMBE, 1917
Etymology: Latin, regalia, "royal things," from neut. pl. of regalis; "decorations
or insignia of an order".
Holotype: NMC 2288
Locality: From opposite of the mouth of Three Hills Creek, at 200 feet above the river level, Red Deer River, near Drumheller, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Formation, Uppermost Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material: Skull, most of the vertebra back to the 6th caudal, one hind limb lacking a few phalanges, on humerus, both pubic bones, one ischium, the greater part of the right ilium and some ribs.
Ventral, dorsal and lateral view. The upper orbit area is incorrect and illustrated conservatively.
An attempt to correct the orbit.
Reconstruction of the head.
Paratype: NMC 2289
Locality: 7 miles north-west of Morrin, in sec. 16, T31N, R21W, on the west side of the Red Deer River, 90 feet above the level of the river, near Drumheller, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Formation, Uppermost Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material: A nearly complete skeleton including the skull.
The two illustrations are from a private collection.
Referred material:
BELL & CAMPIONE, 2014
Locality: Danek Bonebed (TMP locality L2379), southern bank of Whitemud Creek, south of Edmonton, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Edmontonian age, lower Maastrichtian Stage, Upper Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
UALVP 52366, 52367, 52368, 52371, 52394-52396, 52730, 52737, 53577: Humeri.
UALVP 47878, 47920, 49554, 50964, 50988, 52476, 52538, 52540, 52695, 52699, 52731, 52704, 52706, 52716, 52745, 52758, 52759, 52763, 53257, 54890, 54891: Femora.
UALVP 45911.1: Left humerus.
UALVP 55163: Right humerus.
UALVP 55183: Right femur.
UALVP 50988: Right femur.
UALVP48955, UALVP47896: Ossified tendon with bite marks.
UALVP47919: Ventral edge of dentary with bite marks.
UALVP47910: Neural spine of proximal caudal with tooth marks.
CAMPIONE & EVANS, 2011
Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
NHM R8927: Skull.
CM 26259: Skull.
FMNH 15004: Skull.
BELL, FANTI, CURRIE & ARBOUR, 2013
Locality: Red Willow River 75 km west of the city of Grande Prairie, Grande Prairie County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Wapiti Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Late Campanian Stage, Upper Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
UALVP 53722: Posterior portion of the skull, four cervical and four dorsal neural spines and skin impressions. Note: This specimen has a soft-tissue crest.
BARBI, BELL, FANTI, DYNES, KOLACEKE, BUTTIGEG, COULSON & CURRIE, 2019
UALVP 53290: Fragmentary skeleton.
Note: With skin impressions.
EVANS, EBERTH, & RYAN, 2015
Locality: Bleriot Ferry bonebed, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Edmontonian age, uppermost Campanian Stage, Upper Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
Numbers: Not given: Bonebed.
RTMP 1993.031.0387, 1993.03.0087, 1996.025.0012: Jugals.
RTMP 1993.031.0141: Juvenile scapula.
RTMP 1994.925.0169: Left humerus.
RTMP 1993.031.0128: Right humerus.
Localtiy: Prehistoric Park Bonebed, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Edmontonian age, uppermost Campanian Stage, Upper Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
Numbers: Not given.
Localtiy: Fox Coulee Bonebed, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Edmontonian age, uppermost Campanian Stage, Upper Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
Numbers: Not given.
= Edmontosaurus cf. sp, cf. regalis GALLANGER, PARRIS & SPAMER, 1986
Locality: Ellisdale, Monmouth County, New Jersey.
Horizon: Basal Hornerstown Formation, Greensand, Rancocas Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Campanian Stage, Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
NJSM 12132: Quadrate.
HORNER, 1992
Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
AMNH 5254: Skull, dentary and predentary.
LULL & WRIGHT, 1942
Locality: 2 miles above Munson Ferry, on the west side of the Red Deer River, near Drumheller, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Formation, Uppermost Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
USNM 12711: Skull and lower jaws.
McINTOSH, 1981
Locality: Red Deer River Valley, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Formation, Uppermost Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
CM 26258 (Formerly ROM 1931-7): Skull and greater part of skeleton.
PARKS, 1935Locality: Red Deer River, near Drumheller, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Formation, Uppermost Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
ROM 801 (old GSC 5167): Skull and skeleton. Note: With skin impressions (BELL, 2014).
USNM 5850: Small head.
OSTROM, 1961Locality:
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
CNHM P15003:
= Edmontosaurus cf. regalis RYAN, BELL & EBERTH, 1995
Locality: Southwest corner of legal subdivision 6, sec. 10, tp 30, range 21, west side of the 4th meridian, close to the mouth of a dry lateral tributary on the east side of Red Deer River, 1.5 miles south of the Munson Ferry, Drumheller, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Edmontonian age, lower Maastrichtian Stage, Upper Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material: A bonebed.
HARPE, POWERS, DYER, RHODES, McINTOSH, GARROS, CURRIE & FUNSTONE, 2024
Locality: Eastern side of Red Deer River Valley, approximately 3.5 km north of the Morrin Bridge, ear Drumheller, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Channel sandsteon between Coal Zones 8 and 9, Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Edmontonian age, lower Maastrichtian Stage, Upper Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
UALVP 60425: Left and partial right maxilla, partial left lacrimal, right jugal, mostly complete left and right postorbitals, left quadratojugal, paired frontals, partial parietals, right and partial left exoccipital, partial left laterosphenoid, partial left pterygoid, parital left dentary, right splenial, left surangular, cervical, dorsal, and caudal vertebrtae, ribs, pectoral girdle with forelimbs, and pelivc girdle with hind limbs.
WEISHAMPEL, WEISHAMPEL, 1983/RUSSELL, 1964
Locality: Southern Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Member, Paskapoo Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous
Material:
Number: Not given:
Locality: Saskatchewan Province, Canada.
Horizon: Frenchman Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian age, upper Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given:
= Thespesius edmontonensis GILMORE, 1924
Etymology: In reference to Edomonton.
= Thespesius edmontoni GILMORE, 1924
= Anatosaurus edmontonensis (GILMORE, 1924 ) LULL & WRIGHT, 1942
= Anatosaurus edmontoni (GILMORE, 1924) LULL & WIGHT, 1942
= Edmontosaurus edmontonensis (GILMORE, 1924)
= Edmontosaurus edmontoni (GILMORE, 1924)
= Trachodon edmontonensis (GILMORE, 1924) emend OLSHEVSKY, 1991
= Trachodon edmontoni (GILMORE, 1924) KUHN, 1936
= Thespesius edmonti PARKS, 1935 (sic)
= Trachodon marginatus LAMBE, 1913Holotype: NMC 8399
Locality: Sec. 30, tp. 29, R19W, 4th mer. on Michichi Creek, 5 miles from Drumheller, Red Deer River, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Formation, Uppermost Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material: Skull and skeleton complete to the 6th caudal.
Referred material:
PARKS, 1935
Locality: 3 miles above Munson ferry and 140 feet above the Red Deer River, near Drumheller, Wheatland County, Alberta Province, Canada.
Horizon: Scollard Formation, Uppermost Edmonton Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lancian Age, uppermost Maastrichtian Stage, uppermost Senonian subepoch, Upper Upper Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material:
ROM 867 (old GSC 5851): Fragmentary skull and skeleton.
Note: Paleopathology, mid-rib with a healed fracture at mid length.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Species: kuukpikensis (MORI, DRUCKENMILLER, & ERICKSON, 2016) emend TAKASAKI, FIORILLO, TYKOSKI & KOBAYASHI, 2020
= Ugrunaaluk kuukpikensis MORI, DRUCKENMILLER, & ERICKSON, 2016
(Note: Takasaki, et al., 2016 refer Ugrunaaluk to Edmontosaurus sp, however, because it already has a species name that should take presidence over the sp. ending).
Etymology: The specific name is derived
from the Inupiaq word kuukpik, which refers to the Colville River, Alaska, USA
along which the type material was found.
Holotype: UAMES 12995
Loclaity: Liscomb Quarry, along Colville River, Brooks Range, North Slope, Northern Alaska.
Note: Exact loction is on file with the Bureau of Land Management Arctic Field Office, for qualified individuals.
Horizon: Upper portion of the Prince Creek Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Maaastrichtian Stage, Senonian Subepoch, Gulf Epoch, Late Cretaceous.
Material: Anterior portion of a size class 1 right premaxilla.
Paratypes: (all paratypes are of size class 1, unless otherwise specified).
UAMES
UAMES 4095: Right exoccipital-opisthotic.
UAMES 4189; Right jugal.
UAMES 4215: Left pterygoid.
UAMES 4217: Posterior portion of right nasal.
UAMES 4240: Right ectopterygoid.
UAMES 4245: Left quadratogugal.
UAMES 4272: Left quadratojugal.
UAMES 4276: Basioccipital.
UAMES 4286: Right quadrate.
UAMES 4291: Supraoccipital.
UAMAS 4301: Basisphenoid.
UAMAS 4309: Partial.
UAMAS 4327: Right maxilla.
UAMAS 4331: Left palatine.
UAMAS 4357: Right prootic.
UAMAS 4361: Right squamosal of size class 2.
UAMAS 4437: Predentary.
UAMAS 4457: Right surangular.
UAMAS 4873: Right coracoid.
UAMAS 4946: Left dentary of size class 2.
UAMAS 6272: Left radius.
UAMAS 6646: Dorsal vertebra of size class 3.
UAMAS 6637: Left ilum.
UAMAS 12515: Femur.
UAMAS 12525: Right ulna.
UAMAS 12545: Ribht metatarsal IV of size class 3.
UAMAS 12711: Right scapula.
UAMAS 12715: Left tibia.
UAMES 12955: Left ischium.
UAMES 13250: Left prefrontal.
UAMES 15384: Left laterosphenoid.
UAMES 15553: Left fibula.
UAMES 21596: Right humerus.
UAMES 21884: Right calcaneum.
UAMES 21950: Astragalus.
UAMAS 22058: Pubis.
UAMES 23071: Sacrum of size class 3.
UAMES 33308: Rigth postorbital of size class 3.
Referred material:
Size class 1
UAMES 4171, 4214, 4283, 4955, 12955: 5 premaxillae.
UAMES 4216, 4265, 4271, 4277, 4282, 4320, 4349, 4940, 19684: 8 nasals.
UAMES 4245, 4254, 4356, 12902, 21803: 5 lacrimals.
UAMES 4237, 4305, 4314, 13250, 18618: 5 prefrontals.
UAMES 4187, 4213, 4238, 4241, 4313, 4922, 4939, 7336, 13116: 9 jugals.
UAMES 4242, 4289, 4303, 4348, 4353, 4961, 12844, 13216, 19090: 9 frontals.
UAMES 4233, 4258, 4268, 4299, 4370, 4983, 12965, 17985, 18224: 9 postorbitals.
UAMES 4234, 4236, 4312, 12266, 12901, 17763, 18686: 7 Squamosals.
UAMES 4210, 4256, 4309, 4381, 4399, 12957, 13167: 7 Parietals.
UAMES 4173, 4182, 4235, 4286, 13218, 22630: 6 quadrates.
UAMES 4291, 4958, 18041, 18161, 21544: 5 supraocciptials.
UAMES 4264, 4269, 4272, 4273, 4298, 4330, 4355, 4369, 21539, 22529: 10 quadratojugals.
UAMES 4219, 4250, 4259, 4278, 4327, 7662: 6 maxillae.
UAMES 4240, 4316, 4335: 3 etopterygoid.
UAMES 4301, 6631, 12777, 13107, 13211, 13846, 18186, 18280: 8 basiphenoids.
UAMES 4276, 7727, 17015, 19212, 19242: 5 basioccipipital.
UAMES 4095, 4260, 4263, 4279, 4284, 4378, 4874, 13764: 8 opisthotic-exoccipitals.
UAMES 4285, 4357, 18791: 3 prootic.
UAMES 4346, 4352, 4380, 15284, 16800, 17668: 6 latersphenoid.
UAMES 4215, 15247, 18498: 3 pterygoids.
UAMES 4257, 4331, 7873: 3 palatiens.
UAMEs 4437, 4947, 15621: 3 predentaries.
UAMES 4189, 4207, 4209, 4218, 4306, 4333, 4367, 4937, 7346, 12941, 22556, 23055: 12 dentaries.
UAMES 4230, 4231, 4239, 4239, 4247, 4251, 4267, 4321, 4457, 21522: 10 surangulars.
UAMES 4368, 4274: 2 angulars.
UAMES 12334: 1 cervical vertebra.
UAMES 6389, 17053, 18462, 2000: 4 middle dorsal vertebrae.
UAMES 15298, 18704, 22597: 3 posterior dorsal vertebrae.
UAEMS 15201, 15285, 19877, 22013, 29028: 5 anterior caudal vertebrae.
UAMES 14291, 14297, 21494: 3 middle caudal vertebrae.
UAMES 12709, 14307, 14307, 14411, 19825, 21571, 21591: 6 distal caudal vertebre.
UAMES 4473, 12786, 13004, 13040, 20009, 21825, 23197: 7 ribs.
UAMES 6627, 6673, 12711, 19736, 19757: 5 scapulae.
UAMES 4326, 4350, 4351, 4873, 13553: 5 coracoids.
UAMES 12519, 12530, 12580, 12594, 12703, 12703, 12857, 12984, 12992, 13093, 13123, 12201, 13298, 13299, 14121, 15766, 18013, 18457, 19838, 19974, 19985, 21596, 21995, 29680: 23 humeri.
UAMES 12525, 12839, 13104, 16751, 19170, 19812, 19973, 23128: 9 ulnae.
UAMES 6272, 7345, 12529, 12579, 12719, 12841, 12850, 12980, 13006, 22070, 22696, 22967: 12 radii.
UAMES 14230, 16733, 29662, 29676: 4 metacarpals V.
UAMES 12544, 12836, 13279, 18903: 4 metacarpal III.
UAMES 12837, 13266: 2 metacarl II.
UAMES 12697, 17021: 2 metacarpal IV.
UAMES 4105, 7347, 12507, 125625, 12985, 22701: 6 femora.
UAMES 730, 12715, 12834, 13505, 15058, 15289, 15930, 19885, 22020: 9 tibiae.
UAMES 6504, 6626, 12842, 14223, 15553, 298017: 6 fibulae.
UAMES 12588, 12852, 13009, 13012, 13290, 13638, 15905, 19972, 22760, 22815: 10 metatarsal II.
UAMES 2296, 6656, 6665, 12585, 12589, 12861, 13304, 14039, 21408, 21772, 21958, 22083, 23257, 33457: 14 metatarsal III.
UAMES 6506, 7337, 12547, 12581, 14094, 16997, 22374, 22884: 8 metataral IV.
UAMES 7658, 12955: 2 ischium.
UAMEs 6637, 13293, 23439: 3 ilia.
UAMES 6677, 12855, 13303, 13683, 22058, 22885: 6 pubies.
UAMES 6208, 12373, 13430, 21884, 22868: 5 calcaneum.
UAMES 5861, 21950, 22792, 23174: 4 astragalus.
UAMES 13436: 1 sternum.
UAMES 6203, 12408, 12740, 21473, 25333: 5 phalnages.
Size Class 2
UAMES 4184: 1 premaxilla.
UAMES 4308, 28910: 2 frontals.
UAMES 4362: 1 squamosal.
UAMES 4172, 16981: 2 quadrates.
UAMES 4281: 1 ectopterygoid.
UAMES 33309, 34791: 2 basisphenoid.
UAMES 34791: 1 basioccipital.
UAMES 4299, 19391: 2 opisthotic-exoccipital.
UAMES 4928: 1 predentary.
UAMES 4945: 1 denary.
UAMES 4293: 1 surangular.
UAMES 19535, 19734: 2 cervical vertebrae.
UAMEs 21637: 1 anterior caudal vertebra.
UAMES 21857: 1 middle caudal vertebra.
UAMES 7341, 15729, 22012: 3 scapulae.
UAEMS 12984, 22698, 33439: 3 humeri.
UAMES 13647, 18981, 19976: 3 ulnae.
UAEMS 21824, 29705: 2 radii.
UAMES 13333, 21590: 2 femora.
UAMES 12518, 18126: 2 tibiae.
UAEMS 6656: 1 metatarsal II.
UAMES 4448, 7652: 2 metatarsal III.
UAMES 7344, 22629: 2 metatarsal IV.
UAMES 6685: 1 pubis.
Size Class 3
UAMES 14171: 1 Jugal.
UAMES 33398: 1 postorbital.
UAMES 18882: 1 basisphenoid.
UAMES 4252: 1 pterygoid.
UAMES 14132: 1 surangular.
UAMES 12945: 1 cervical vertebra.
UAEMS 23033: 1 anterior dorsal vertebra.
UAMES 12516: 1 middle dorsal vertebra.
UAMES 6646: 1 posterior dorsal vertebra.
UAMES 23071: 1 sacrum.
UAMES 18053, 18156: 2 anterior caudal vertebra.
UAMES 17365, 19072: 2 middle caudal vertebra.
UAMES 22595: 1 rib.
UAMES 29996: 1 scapula.
UAMES 33439: 1 humeri.
UAMES 29999: 1 ulna.
UAMES 16215: 1 metacarpal III.
UAMES 6399, 12545: 2 metatarsal IV.
UAMES 18059: 1 calcaneum.
UAMES 6658, 13200: 2 phalanx.
