Genus: Therosaurus FITZINGER, 1843
Etymology: Greek, ther, “wild beast" (Mammal), and Greek, sauros, “lizard”: “Beast
lizard”.
Species: anglicus (HOLL, 1829) FITZINGERF, 1843
Etymology: Medievil Latin, anglicus, "Englishman."
= Iguanodon anglicum HOLL, 1829
= Iguanodon anglicus HOLL, 1829
= Iguandon angelicus LESSEM & GLUT, 1993 (sic)
Lectotype: BMNH 2392
Locality: Kent County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Lower Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Barremian Stage, Lower Neocomian Subepoch, Middle Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material: Worn tooth.
Paralectotype: BMNH 3423: Worn tooth.
Referred material:
MANABE, 2005
BMNH 2384: Thumb spike (in the above drawing).
HULKE, 1886
Locality: Cuckfield, West Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Maxilla.
LYDEKKER, 1888Locality: Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R 1012, 23913: Scapulae.
MANTELL, 1841
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wadhurst Clay (Tilgate Forest), Lower Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Valanginian Stage, Middle Neocomian Subepoch, Lower Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary skeleton with teeth.
MANTELL, 1845Locality: Brook Point, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given:
Locality: Sandown Bay, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given:
MANTELL, 1848
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wadhurst Clay (Tilgate Forest), Lower Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Valanginian Stage, Middle Neocomian Subepoch, Lower Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Lower dentaries and teeth.
MANTELL, 1849
Locality: England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Collection of W. D. Saull: Sacrum.
Locality: Brook Bay, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Cervical vertebrae.
Number: Not given: Fragmentary skeleton of a juvenile.
Locality: Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Dorsal vertebrae.
Number: Not given: Fragmentary skeleton of a juvenile.
Locality: Charlwood, Surry County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Sacral and caudal vertebrae.
MANTEL, 1851Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Dentary with 7 teeth.
= Iguanodon mantelli MEYER, 1832
Etymology:
= Therosaurus mantelli (MEYER, 1832) FITZINGERF, 1843
= Iguanodon mantellii MANSEL-PLEYDELL, 1888 (sic)
= Iguanodon manteli PROBST & WINDOLF, 1993 (sic)
= Iguandon mantelii PROBST & WINDOLF, 1993 (sic)Number: Not type
Locality:
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
= Iguanodon mantelli HULKE, 1882 (Type of I. mantelli)Referred material:
BENTON & SPENCER, 1995
Locality: From the Upper Silty Bed north of the sea wall below Yaverland Battery, Sandown, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given:
DELAIR, 1966
Locality: "Swanage, 1912", Dorset County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Newman Collection: ?Dorsal centrum.
Locality: A few miles SSW of Dorset County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
GSM 108553: Fragmentary dorsal centrum.
GALTON, 1974
Locality: Hypsilophodon Bed, about 100 meters west of Cowleaze Chine and rises in the cliff to end about 2/3 miles further west just beyond Barnes High, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Phalanx.
Note: Might not be from Iguanodon.
HOOLEY, 1912
Locality: Brighstone Bay, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebrae, pelvis and left femur.
HULKE, 1873
Locality: Newport, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Astragalus.
HULKE, 1878Locality: Near Brixton, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary articular.
LAPPARENT, 1960
Locality: Kanboute, Remada, South Tunisia.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Tooth.
LYDEKKER, 1888
Locality: Cuckfield, West Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R754: A nearly entire left maxilla with teeth.
Note: Figured by HULKE.BMNH 2211: An imperfect left maxilla, showing dental alveoli.
Note: Figured by MANTELL.BMNH 2160: A fragmentary anterior dorsal vertebra.
Note: Figured by MANTELL, 1849.BMNH 2137: A fragmentary dorsal vertebra.
BMNH 2124: A centrum and base of the arch of an anterior or middle dorsal vertebra.
BMNH 10451a: Rib.
BMNH 10451: Rib.
BMNH 2556: Slab of sandstone, containing the centrum and base of the arch, together with the detached neural spine of a middle dorsal vertebra.
BMNH 3790: 6 associated premedial caudal vertebrae, with 2 chevrons.
BMNH 2400: A chevron-bone.
BMNH 36514: A later chevron-bone.
BMNH 2196: A right scapula.
BMNH 2196a: Proximal half of a left scapula.
BMNH 2543: Cast of an imperfect left coracoid.
BMNH 36519: Proximal end of a small left humerus.
BMNH 36540: Distal end of a right humerus.
BMNH 2158: Right ischium.
BMNH 2194: Left pubis, wanting the greater part of the shaft.
BMNH 2650: Right femur.
BMNH 2674: Distal extremity of a right femur.
BMNH 2678: Right tibia.
BMNH 2734: Right tibia.
BMNH 2677: Right fibula.
BMNH 2557: A second left metatarsal.
BMNH 2534: A third left metatarsal.
BMNH 2536: A 4th left metatarsal.
BMNH 2531: A 3rd left metatarsal.
BMNH 2521: A proximal phalangeal of the 3rd digit of the pes.
BMNH 36510: A terminal phalangeal of one of the lateral digit of the pes.
Locality: Potton, Bedfordshire County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Neocomian Subepoch, Lower Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH 40432: A right coracoid.
Locality: Horsham, West Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R721: A nearly entire lumbar vertebra.
Locality: Brook Point, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH 37685: A nearly entire sacrum and last lumbar vertebra, with a portion of the right ilium attached.
Locality: Unknown, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH 37711: A very similar centrum.
Locality: Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R102-3: Portions of the right and left dentary bones of a mandible.
BMNH 28663: Fragment of a mandibular ramus.
BMNH R143c: A fragmentary anterior or middle dorsal vertebra.
BMNH 28940: A rather large dorsal centrum.
BMNH 28939: The centrum and base of the arch.
BMNH 28690: Fragment of sacrum.
BMNH R115: Proximal half of a right scapula.
BMNH R118: Left coracoid.
BMNH R116: A left humerus.
BMNH R407: Proximal half of a small right humerus.
BMNH R113: Left ilium.
BMNH R114: Left ilium.
BMNH R110: Right and left ischium.
BMNH R109: Fragmentary right pubis.
BMNH R111: Fragmentary right pubis.
BMNH R120: Right femur.
BMNH R120a: A crushed right femur.
BMNH R120b: A smaller right femur.
BMNH R119: Left femur.
BMNH 28704: Right tibia.
BMNH R125: Right tibia.
BMNH 28669: A smaller right tibia.
BMNH 36403: A small left tibia.
BMNH R128: An imperfect fibula.
BMNH R129: Imperfect right astragalus.
BMNH R130: Fragment of the right astragalus.
BMNH R130a: Fragment of a calcaneum.
BMNH 28650: Distal extremity of a rather large 3rd left metatarsal.
BMNH R132: Right metatarsus.
BMNH 2627: A second phalangeal of the second digit of the pes.
Locality: Probably Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH 38516: Distal end of left humerus.
BMNH 28507: Fragment from the acetabular region of the right pubis.
Locality: Horsham, West Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R720: Descending portion of a pubis, associated with the vertebra BMNH R721.
Locality: Brixton, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R1110: Cast of the left astragalus.
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R1114: Cast of left pes.
BMNH R55: A 2nd phalangeal of the 2nd digit of the pes.
Locality: Hollington, near Hastings, East Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wadhurst Clay, Lower Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Valanginian Stage, Middle Neocomian Subepoch, Lower Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH R33: Fragments of teeth and mandible, a large series of imperfect cervical, dorsal, and caudal vertebrae, the sternal (?) bones (one fragmentary), the proximal half of the right scapula, radius, and ulna, a metacarpal fragment, ilium, the right femur, part of the right astragalus, the entire second and third and the distal extremity of the fourth right metatarsal, and numerous phalangeals.
OWEN, 1855
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Pubis.
Note: = Megalosaurus (?) scapula.
OWEN, 1854Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wadhurst Clay (Tilgate Forest), Lower Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Valanginian Stage, Middle Neocomian Subepoch, Lower Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH: Dentary of an adult.
BMNH: Ribs.
BMNH: Tibia.
Locality: Cuckfield, West Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH: 6 posterior caudal vertebrae and 3 chevrons.
Note: These caudal vertebrae have very tall neural spines and may belong to a new genus.
Locality: Rusper, West Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Museum of J. b. Holmes: Fragmentary coracoid, scapula, fragmentary humerus?
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Museum of J. b. Holmes: Right femur.
Museum of J. b. Holmes: Fibula of a juvenile.
OWEN, 1854
Locality: Near Battle, Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Dorsal centrum of a juvenile.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: 3 posterior caudal vertebrae.
Locality: Battle, Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Ungual phalanx of a large individual.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of an ungual phalanx.
Locality: South Coast of Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of a conical phalanx.
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Sacral centra.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: A slightly mutilated centrum.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Left femur.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: A plaster cast of a humeral portion of a coracoid.
Locality: Unknown, probably Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: A portion of a thoracic rib.
Locality: Off Brook Point, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Anterior caudal vertebra.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of a ungual phalanx.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of a smaller ungual phalanx.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of a ungual phalanx.
Locality: Brook Point, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: A transverse section of the middle of a shaft of a femur.
Locality: East of Sandown Fort, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of a proximal phalanx.
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.Horizon: Wadhurst Clay (Tilgate Forest), Lower Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Valanginian Stage, Middle Neocomian Subepoch, Lower Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of a middle phalanx of the pes.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of an ungual phalanx of a juvenile.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Plaster cast of another ungual phalanx of a juvenile.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Portion of a tooth of a juvenile.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Crown of a tooth.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: A much-worn tooth.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: A much-worn shed tooth.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: Part of a tooth.
Royal Collage of Surgeons: 4 plaster casts of a with 4 teeth.
OWEN, 1860/LYDEKKER, 1888
Locality: Black Gang Chine, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Lower Greensand Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Aptian-Middle Albian Stage, Middle Gallic Subepoch, Upper Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH 40100: Fragmentary maxilla and dentary with teeth.
BMNH 40101: Centra of 3 associated imperfect anterior and middle and 1 posterior caudal vertebra.
BMNH 40102: Left scapula and left associated sternal(?) bone.
BMNH 40102a: A distal end of a left humerus.
Note: Associated with BMNH 40102.
OWEN, 1864
Locality: Near Brixton, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary dentary with some teeth of a juvenile.
OWEN, 1872Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Ulna, Radius, and thumb spike.
Note: This is the specimen that showed the thumb spike isn't a nose horn.
OWEN, 1874
Locality: Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary lower jaw of a juvenile.
PATON, 1975
Locality: Blackgang Chine, locality 1/4 miles west, Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: ?Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Middle Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
RSM: Fibula, and vertebra.
ROYO Y GOMEZ, 1918Locality: Morella, Castellon, Spain.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Teeth and fragments of a skeleton.
ROYO Y GOMEZ, 1920Locality: Morella, Castellon, Spain.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary skeleton.
ROYO Y GOMEZ, 1927
Locality: Mora de Rubielos, Spain.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given:
SANZ, CASANOVAS, & SANTAFE, 1984Locality: Santa Barbara, Galve, Teruel Province, Spain.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Barremian-Aptian Stage, Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
CBSH-4: Distal metapodial.
CBSH-5: Fragmentary metapodial.
CBSH-6: Distal metopodial IV.
CBSH-7: Anterior first phalange.
CBSH-9: First phalange digit II.
CBSH-10: Distal metapodial II.
CBSH-13: Left distal tibia, articulated calcaneum, astragalus, proximal metatarsals II, III and IV.
CBSH-14: Left second phalange of digit II.
CBSH-15: Right third phalange of digit IV.
CBSH-16: Right fourth phalange of digit IV.
CBSH-17: Right fifth phalange of digit IV.
CBSH-18: Left second and third phalange of digit IV.
CBSH-19: Left second phalange of digit IV.
CBSH-20: Second and third phalange of digit III?
CBSH-21: Left first phalange of digit II?
CBSH-22: Left fourth phalange of digit IV.
CBSH-24: Right second phalange of digit IV.
SAUVAGE 1897/1898
Locality: Bocca-do-Chapim, Almargem, Portugal.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Aptian/Albian Stage, Middle Gallic Subepoch, Upper Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Number: Not given: Teeth.
= Streptospondylus major OWEN, 1842 (nomen dubium)
Etymology: Latin, major, "greater."
= Iguanodon major (OWEN, 1842) (nomen dubium)
= Eustreptospondylus major (OWEN, 1842) GLUT, 1972 (as “Streptospondylus” (Eustreptosondylus major).Holotype: BMNH 2116
Locality: Cuckfield, West Sussex County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material: A crushed cervical vertebra.
Referred material:
BMNH 28639: A cervical vertebra.
DELAIR, 1966
Locality: Approximately 65 feet east of "Pines Hotel", Dorset County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wealden Formation.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Early Cretaceous.
Material:
Newman Collection: Fragmentary cervical centrum, and large fragmentary dorsal vertebrae and part of an indeterminate bone.
LYDEKKER, 1888Locality: Isle of Wight County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Wessex Formation, Wealden Group.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Valanginian-Hauterivian Stage, Neocomian Subepoch- Barremian Stage, Lower Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous.
Material:
BMNH 28674: A fragmentary dorsal vertebra.
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