Genus: Sclerocephalus GOLDFUSS, 1847
= Leptorophus BULMAN & WHITTARCD, 1926
Etymology:
= Lusor STEEN, 1938
Etymology:
= Pfarrwaldia KRÄTSCHMER, 2004
Etymology:
= Raumbachia KRÄTSCHMER, 2004
Etymology:
= Rehbornia KRÄTSCHMER, 2006
Etymology:
= Weissia BRANCO, 1887
Etymology:

Species: haeuseri GOLDFUSS, 1847
Etymology:
= Sclerocephalus haeuseri haeuseri GOLDFUSS, 1847

Holotype: UCBL-EM 200.000

Locality: Pfarrwald near Heimkirchen/Pfalz, Nordpfälzer Bergland, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: Oderneim Member, Upper Meisenheim Formation (Top of Lauterecken-Odernheim-Schichten).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: A partiall disarticualuted skull.

Neotype: GPIM N 1203: Skull.

Neotype: GPIM-N1203: Skull of a late adult, and fragmentary skeleton.

Referred material:

GPIM-N1172: Skull of an early adult.

GPIM-N1163, GPIM-N1184, GPIM-N1197, GPIM-N1207, GPIM-N1223: Dentaries.

GPIM-N1189: Interclavicle.

GPIM-SGM-067: Skull of a metamorphic larval.

MECKERT, 1993

GPIM-N1189: Fragmentary skeleton of a larval.

GPIM-N1186: Fragmentary remains of a juvenile.

GPIM-N1201a: Fragmentary skeleton.

Sammlung Heidtke Bad Durkheim, SHBD-F-489: Articulated interclavical and clavicle an adult.

SCHOCH, 2025

GMBS-E/01: Complete skeleton.

GPIM-N 11162: Skull fragment.

GPIM-N 1173: Skull.

GPIM-N 6710: Skull.

GPIM-N 1184: Disartiualted skull.

SMNK 1979-03: Skul and anterior trunk.

GKEM-P1: partial skeelton.

UGKU-POL 1988-1a, 1988-1b: Postrcranial skeleton.

UGKU-P1783: Complete skeleton.

 

 

Locality: Hamberg, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Early Permian.

Material:

Geowissenschaftliches-Institut/Paleontolige der Universitat Mainz, GPIM-N1176: Fragmentary skeleton of a larval.

Sammlung Schindelr Essenheim, SSE-Hu 2: Skull and skeleton of a larval individual.

 

Locality: Odernheim, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Early Permian.

Material:

GPIM-N1218b: Fragmentary skeleton of a juvenile.

 

Locality: Quirnbach, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon: Schichten.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

Geologisches Museum der Bergschule Saarbucken, GMBS-695: Distarticulated skeleton of a juvenile.

GMBS-H13: Koperhalfe.

 

Locality: Jenckenbach, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

GPIM-N1206: Scapulacoracoid, humerus and ribs of an adult.

GPIM-N1400: Fragmentary skeleton of an adult.

Sammlung Schindler Essenheim, SSN-J2: Fragmentary skull of an old adult.

Naturhistorisches Museum Mainz, NMM-PW1990/285LS: Komplettes of an old adult.

 

LOHMANN & SACHS, 2001

Locality: Rummelbach/Gresaubach, Southwest Germany.

Horizon: Uppermost Jeckenbach-Oderheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

PMNB uncatalogued, PMNB 393: Larval individuals, complete with soft tissue preservation.

GMS 307: Larval individual, skull and pectoral girdle.

PMNB 85: Juvenile, complete skeleton with soft tissue preservetion.

PMNB 308, 177: Juveniles, complete skeleton with soft tissue preservations.

GMS 24: Juvenile, skull and parts of the pectoral girdle.

GMS 228, 395: Juveniles complete skeleton with soft tissue preservation.

GMS 394: Juvenile, skull and anterior half of bodh with soft tissue preservation.

GMS 52: Juvenile, complete skeleton with soft tissue preservation.

PMNB 93: Juvenile, almost complete skeleton with soft tissue preservation.

GMS 396, PMNH 93: Juvenile, almost complete skeleton with soft tissue preservation.

PMNB 103, 415, GMS 226, GMS 348: Juveniles, complete skeleton with soft tissue preservation.

 

Locality: Gresaubach, Southwest Germany.

Horizon: Uppermost Jeckenbach-Oderheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

PMNB GRE-1: Juvenile, complete skeleton with soft tissue preservation.


Locality: Niederhausen and der Appel, Southwest Germany.

Horizon: Lowermost Jeckenbach-Oderheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

PMNB PDC 327: Complete skeleton of an adult.

 

Locality: Jeckenbach, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Southwest Germany.

Horizon: Lowermost Jeckenbach-Oderheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian, Lower Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

PMNB BGC 69: Complete skeleton of an adult.

PMNB BGC 112: Complete skeleton of an old adult.

 

Locality: Odernheim, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Southwest Germany.

Horizon: Lowermost Jeckenbach-Oderheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

SKO uncatalogued (Private collection): Complete skeleton of an adult.

 

Locality: St. Wendel, Saarland State, Southwest Germany.

Horizon: Lowermost Jeckenbach-Oderheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

GMS P/70: An isolated pelvis.

 

Locality: Southwest Germany.

Horizon: Lowermost Jeckenbach-Oderheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

PMNB, GMS, GPIM, SKO: About 800 coprolites.

 

SCHOCH, 2002

Locality: Not given.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age:

Material:

SMNHS 51307, 51308, 51314, 51367, 51373, 51377, 51398, 54989, 81711, 81833, 81851-81854:

 

= cf. Sclerocephalus haeuseri POSCHMANN & SCHINDLER, 2004

Locality: « Kuselit » Quarry between the villages of Sitters and Schiersfeld, northern Pfalzer Bergland, approximately 16 km SW of the town of Bad Kreuznach, Saar-Nahe Basin, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon: Meisenheim Formation, Glan Group.

Biosratigraphy:

Age: Lower Rotliegned, ?Late Carboniferous-Early Permian.

Material: Skull of a juvenile specimen.



SCHOCH, 2002

Locality: Glan region, Rheinland-Pflaz State, Germany.

Horizon: Odernheim Schichten.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

SMNS 51307: Fragmentary larva.

SMNS 81791: Fragmentary adult specimen.

MB Am. 1305: Small larva.

GPIT Am 105: Large larva.

 

WERNEBURG, 2017

Locality: Lake Obermoschel, Saar-Nahe Basin, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon: : Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Gzhelian Epoch, Latest Pennsylvanian Subeperiod, Latest Carboniferous Period.

Material:

NHMS-WP 10622a, b, SSN-11OM12a, b, 18a, b, 56a: Juvenile speicmens with body outline.

 

= Sclerocephalus haeuseri WITZMAN, 2007

Saar-Nahe Basin, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon: Meisenheim Formation, Glan Group.

Biosratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

MB.Am.1233: Anterior trunk with scales.

MB.Am.1298, 1314, SMNK uncatalouged, SMNS 90055, 54065: Complete skeleton with scales.

SMNS 9057: Almost complete skeleton with scales.

 

= Leptorophus levis BULMAN & WHITTARCD, 1926
Etymology:
= Branchiosaurus levis (BULMAN & WHITTARCD, 1926)

Holotype: DMS collection no 20 and counterpart 21 (DMSW 44/45)

Locality: Odernheim, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Early Permian.

Material: Fragmentary skull.
Not: Larva.

 

= Pelosaurus laticeps CREDNER, 1882
Etymology: Latin, lati, "broad, wide" and Latin, -ceps, "head."

Holotype: DMSW 47a

Locality: Odernheim, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Early Permian.

Material: Skull.

 

= Pelosaurus laticeps CREDNER, 1885

Locality: Nidershaslich im Dohlener Becken (heute Ortsteil von Freital) near Dresden, Saschen (Saxony) State, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

SGED-256d: Skull and fragmentary skeleton.

Referred material:

CARROLL, 1988

Locality: Nyrany (Nurschan), Plzen Basin, Bohemia, Czech Republic.

Horizon: Gaskohl.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Upper Westphalian D, Lower Upper Silesian Series, Desmoniensean, Upper Myachkovskian Stage, Upper Moscovian Epoch, Late Carboniferous (Late Pennsylvanian).

Material:

Vienna Natural History Museum 1983/32/27b: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.

 

BULMAN & WHITTARD 1926

Locality: Odernheim, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Early Permian.

Material:

BMNH R5026: Fragmentary skull and fragmentary skeleton.

2 fragmentary skulls from the collection of DMS Watson.

 

= Pelosaurus laticeps BULMAN & WHITTARD, 1936 (partim)

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age:

Material:

Number: Not given:

 

= Pelosaurus longiscutatus THEOBALD, 1958
Etymology:

Holotype:

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age:

Material:

 

= Branchiosaurus levis WATSON, 1963
Etymology:

Holotype:

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age:

Material:



= Rehbornia klauswaldensis KRÄTSCHMER, 2006
Etymology: In reference to horizon the specimen was found.

Holotype: NHMM-PW 2005/4

Locality: Odernheim, Rheinland-Pflaz State, Germany.

Horizon: Klauswald-Fossilhorizon, Upper Odernheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Rotliegendes Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: Skull and skeleton, with scales.


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Species: bavaricus (BRANCO, 1887) AMMON, 1889
Etymology:
= Weissia bavarica BRANCO, 1887

Holotype: MB Am. 442 (MNHUB-)

Locality: Former limestone mine at Ohmbach/Pfalz, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.

Horizon: Altenglan Formation, G1 of Glan Group (Altenglan-Schichten).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Gzhelian-Asselian boundary (Asselian/Sakmarian) Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: Skull of an adult.

Referred material:

= Macromerion gumbeli AMMON, 1889?
Etymology:
= Macromerium gumbeli (AMMON, 1889)

Holotype:

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age:

Material:



_____________________________________________________________________________________

Species: jeckenbachensis (BOY, 1988) SCHOCH, 2025
Etymology: In reference to Jeckenbach S2, Saar-Hahe-Gebiet, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.
= Sclerocephalus haeuseri jeckenbachensis BOY, 1988
= Pfarrwaldia jeckenbachensis KRÄTSCHMER, 2004

Holotype: BSPHM-1981 I 99

Locality: Former excavation site at Jeckenbach, Jeckenbach S2, Saar-Hahe-Gebiet, Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon: Meisenheim Formatin, Gland subgroup (Jeckenbach-Bank, Lauterecken-Odernheim-Sch).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: Skull of an adult.

Referred material:

GPIM-N526: Larval skull.

GPIM-N1163: Skull of a juvenile.

GPIM-N1165: Skull of a juvenile.

GPIM-N1197: Stape of a juvenile.

GPIM-N1206: Subadult postranium.

GMBS-P/499: Skull of an adult.

GMBS-695: Interclavicle.

SMO-o Nr. Skull of an adult.

SCHOCH, 2025

GKEM-P8, HNS-Schw-1, MB-Am.137, NHMM-PW 2005/2, 1990/285-LS,SGH-15/1, SGH-15/4, SGH-SKO-N, SMF A 340, SMNK-Pal 6402, SMNS 54065, SSN-IIJ-1, UGKU E1: Skeletons.

GPIM-N 1174: Skull roof.

NMNS V 18965: Skull and trunk.

GPIM-N Tisch, SGH-SKO-021, 025, 060, 064, 295, 517, 534, 536, 537, 540, 541, 544, 546, 547, 561, 563, 564, 566, 979SSN-11J-2, SSN-I1J-3, UGKU 1991/1, 1991/3, 1991/5: Skulls.

 

Locality: Raumbach , Rhineland-Palatinate State, Germany.

Horizon: Meisenheim Formatin, Gland subgroup (Jeckenbach-Bank, Lauterecken-Odernheim-Sch).

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

MHNF 27797, SMNS 90055: 2 skeletons.

 


= Jeckenbachia prima KRATSCHMER, 2004
Etymology:

Holotype:

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostatigaphy:

Age:

Material:


= Rehbornia weissmanni KRATSCHMER, 2004
Etymology:

Holotype: MHMM-PW 2004/1

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy

Age:

Material:


= Raumbachia compressa KRATSCHMER, 2004
Etymology:

Holotype:

Locality:

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy

Age:

Material:

_____________________________________________________________________________________
Species: jogischneideri WERNEBURG, 1992
Etymology:

Holotype: FG 321/1/129

Locality: Friedrichroda, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Oberhof Beds.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: Large skull.

Referred material:

FG specimens:

SCHOCH & MILNER, 2014

Locality: Near Finsterbergen, Thuringia State,Germany.

Horizon: Oberhof Beds.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

FG specimens:

 

Locality: Tambach, Thuringia State,Germany.

Horizon: Oberhof Beds.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian Regional Stage, Asselian/Sakmarian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

MNG specimens:

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Species: nobilis (KRÄTSCHMER & RESCH, 2005) SCHOCH & WITZMANN, 2009
= Klauswaldia nobile KRÄTSCHMER & RESCH, 2005
Etymology:

Holotype: NHMM-PW 2005/2

Locality: Road-cut near Klauswald, Odernheim, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: Kappeln Black Shale, Kappeln Unit, Odernheim Member (Subformation), Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian, Lower Rotliegend Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: A nearly complete and articulated skeleton.

Referred material:

SCHOCH, 2025

NHMM-PW 2005/4, SGH-SKO-319, SGH-SKO-N9ob1, NOB2, SMNS 97973, 97066, 97976, 07076, UGKU-NH-01: Skeletons.

SGH-SKO-009, 018, 028, 049, 220, 229, 230, 231, 265, 266, 318, 331, 337, 444, 214, SGH-SKO-St0, SMNS 97067, 97068, 97069, 07071: Skulls.

SMNS 97070: Skull and pectoral gridle.

 

Locality: Sankt Wendel faes of Kappeln black shale, Odernheim, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: Kappeln Black Shale, Kappeln Unit, Odernheim Member (Subformation), Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Autunian, Lower Rotliegend Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

GMBS P2, GPIT VP 44092, 44093, 44904, 91800, SSN-I1SW1, I1SW2, SSN-1ISW4, 1ISW182, IISW171: Skulls.

SMNS 91802, SSN-1ISW3, 1ISW4: Skeletons.

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Species: concordiae SCHOCH & SOBRAL, 2021
Etymology:

Holotype: GZG.V 7998

Locality: Former Concordia clay pit, Jochumsche Ziegelei, St. Wendal, Saarland State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Quirnbach Formation, Glan Broup.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: A complete skulll and associated postcranium.

Referred material:

SNSB BSPG ASI 575 (descrbied as Sclerocephalus hauseri by Broili, 1926), SNSB-BSPG 1958 III 53, SNSB-BSPG 1257, GPIT PV 41968, GMBS 499, GMBS 570: Skulls.

SGI-P734: Partial skull.

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Species: megalorhinus SCHOCH, 2025
Etymology: Greek, megalos, "big" and Greek, rhino, "nose."

Holotype: NMNS VP 26083

Locality: Gemeineberg hill north-east of Niederkirchen, Rheinland-Pflaz State, Germany.

Horion: Jeckenbach Member, Meisenheim Formation, Gland Group.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: A complete skull and skeleton.

Referred material:

MB.Am.1274: Complete skeleton.

SSN-11-NK-28: Complte skeleton.

NHMM-PW 2020/07-LS: Complete skeleton.

NHMM-PW 1992/1-LS: Skull.

NHMSWP 4830, UGKU-POL-F 1987/NIE-1: Skulls.

UGKU-POl-F 1987/NIE059 Ventral view of a skull.

UGKU-POL-F 1987/NIE-2: Complete skeleton.

 

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Species: odernheimensis SCHOCH, 2025
Etymology: in reference to Odernheim am Gland, the type locality.

Holotype: MB.Am.1346

Locality: Vinyards around Hasenkof between Rehborn and Odernheim am Glan, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: M7, Odernheim Member, Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material: Skull and 2 disarticulated hemimandibles.

Referred material:

GPIM-N 526, GPIM-N 1171, MB.Am. 1233, SMNS 51308, 51311, 51314, 51336, 54989, 51373, 51336, 81711, SSN-11O-01, 58, 59, UGKU 1986/1, 1991/5, 1983/638, 1983/639, 1983/645, 1991/5, 3289: Skulls.

 

Locality: Rehborn, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: M7, Odernheim Member, Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

SMNS 91295: Skull and pectoral gridle.

 

Locality: Messersbacherhof, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: M7, Odernheim Member, Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

GPIM-N 1163, 1190: Skulls.

 

Locality: Callabach, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: M7, Odernheim Member, Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

SGH-SKO-422: Skull.

 

Locality: Ruppertsceken, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: M7, Odernheim Member, Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

SGH-SKO-057: Skull.

 

Locality: Albessen, Rheinland-Pfalz State, Germany.

Horizon: M7, Odernheim Member, Meisenheim Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Asselian Stage, Cisuralian (Rotliegendes) Epoch, Early Permian.

Material:

SMNS 81851: Skull.

 

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