Genus: Rhamphorhynchus MEYER, 1846
Etymology: Greek, rhamphos, "beak" and Greek, rhynchos, "beak or
snout"; Beak-snout.
= Ornithopterus MEYER, 1846 (nomen dubium)
Etymology: Greek, ornithos, "bird" and Greek, pterus, "wing."
= Pteromonodactylus TERIAEV, 1967
Etymology: Greek, Ptero-, pteron, "wing," Greek, monos, "single" and Greek, dactylos, "finger."
= Ramphorhynchus MEYER, 1847 (sic)
= Rhamphorhynchys RAO & SHAH, 1982? (sic)
Species: muensteri (GOLDFUSS, 1831) MEYER, 1836
emened LYDEKKER, 1888
Etymology: In honor of Graf Munster, who first described Pterodactylus
longicaudus,
which was referred to a new genus, Rhamphorhynchus.
= Ornithocephalus münsteri GOLDFUSS,
1831 (incorrect original spelling)
= Pterodactylus münsteri (GOLDFUSS, 1831)
MEYER, 1832 (incorrect original spelling)
= Rhamphorhynchus
münsteri (GOLDFUSS, 1831) MEYER, 1846 (incorrect original spelling)
Holotype: BSP Inv. Nr. 1964 XXIV 121
Locality: Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri BPS AS 7 771 after Wellnhofer (1975); A) anterior tip, B) posterior end; C) anterior view
modified from Wellnhofer (1975); D) dorsal view of skull; E) dorsal view of mandible; F) as preserved, G) new reconstruction;
H) open mouth.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri Holotype: BSP Inv. Nr. 1964 XXIV 121, after Goldfuss (1831).
Referred material:
AZUMA, 2005
Locality: Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
JME-SOS 2819: Skull and skeleton.
HUENE, 1914
Locality: Germany.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Late Jurassic.
Material:
CM 11434 (example 59 of Wellnhofer, 1973, 1975): Fragmentary skull.
LYDEKKER, 1888
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BMNH 43004: Skull and fragmentary skeleton.
BMNH 42738: Fragmentary skeleton.
BMNH 39353: Cast of BMNH 42738.
BMNH R300: Fragmentary skeleton and impression of wing membrane.
FRICKHINGER, 1999, TISCHLINGER & FREY, 2002
Private collection: Complete skull and fragmentary skeleton missing last third of tail with wing impressions.
GROSS, 1937
SFF. Inv. Nr. R 4128: Skeleton and skull.
WANDERER, 1908
Number not given: Skeleton.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus muensteri, after Wanderer (1908); A) skull as preserved, and B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus muensteri, after Wanderer (1908).
ZITTEL, 1882
BS, Inv. Nr. 1867 II 2: Skull, dorsal vertebrae.
BS, Inv. Nr. AS I 771: Humerus radius, ulna, carpus, metacarpus, 3 phalanages, 1 wing finger.
NR. 1943: Skull and skeleton.
Palaontologisches Institut und Museum der Unversitat Zurich, Nr. A/III 107: Skull and skeleton.
Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut und Museum der Universitat Kiel: Skull and skeleton.
Hessiches Landesmuseum Darmstadt Nr. V 432: Skull and skeleton.
Teyler-Museum, Holland, Inv. Nr. 6920/6921: Skull and skeleton.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri TM 6921, after Meyer, (1859)
DODERLEIN, 1929
Locality: Schernfeld, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BS, Inv. Nr. 1907 I 37: 4 dorsal vertebrae, humeri, radius, ulna, carpus, metacarpus, wing finger and ungual, femora, tibia, skull.
HONE, HENDERSON, THERRIEN, & HABIB, 2015
RTMP 2008.41.001: Skull and skeleton. Note: Impressions of both brachiopatagia and a tail vane, and some traces of the uropatagium. Also, the abdomen preservs gut contents of an indeterminate vertebrate and there is also a pair of masses of material posterior to the pelvis interpreted as a coprolite.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri, RTMP 2008.41.001. A) the skeleton in situ; B) close up of the body with stomach
contents in grey, and C) close up of the skull.
FREY & TISCHLINGER, 2012
Locality: A plattenkalk quarry NW of the town of Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen Lithographic Limestone.
Biostratigraphy: Hybonotum Zone, Riedense Subzone.
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
WDC CSG 255: Skull and skeleton.
Note: Has fish remains in its stomach area, a fish (?Leptolepides) in its pharynx. and a large Aspidorhynchus bitting the pterosaur's wing.
KREMMLING, 1912
Locality: Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Number: Not given: Skeleton and skull.
= 'Rhamphorhynchus gracilis' (nomen nudum) Dublin records, HONE, 2012 (referred this specimen to Rhamphorhynchus muensteri
Locality: Solnhofen, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen Lithographic Limestone.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
NMINH F 10172: Fragmentary skull and skeleton.
Skull of 'Rhamphorhynchus gracilis' (nomen nudum) NMINH F 10172, after Hone (2012); A) as preserved, and B) new reconstruction
Skeleton of 'Rhamphorhynchus gracilis' (nomen nudum) NMINH F 10172, after Hone (2012); A) as preserved,
and B, C) new reconstruction; B) dorsal and C) lateral views.
LYDEKKER, 1888
Locality: Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BMNH Nr. 37787: Fragmentary skeleton, sternum, scapula, coracoid, sacral vertebrae, 43 caudals, wing phalanages.
OSI & PRONDVAI, 2009
Locality: The excat locality of the specimen is unknown, but based on the embedding matrix, the specimen was undoubtedly collected from the Lithographic Limestone of the Solnhofen area, Altmühl-Alb, southern Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Earliest Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
MTM V 2008.33.1: Skull and nearly complete skeleton.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri MTM V 2008.33.1, after Osi, et al., (2009);
WOODWARD, 1902
Locality: Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BMNH Nr. 2786: Skull.
Locality: Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Burgermeister-Muller-Museum: Fragmentary skull and skeleton.
Museum fur Naturkunde an der Humbolt University: Skull and skeleton.
Bayerische Stattssammlung Munchen
BSM Nr. 1955 I 28: Skull and skeleton.
BSM Nr. 1927 I 36: Skull and skeleton.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri BSP 1927 I 36, after Wellnhofer, (1975)
Locality: Workerzell near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Philosophisch-Thelogische Hochschule Eichstatt, Fr. 1954. 39b: Skeleton and skull.
Note: With fish elements in the stomach region.
Locality: Schernfeld, Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection XAVER SCHOPFEL: Skeleton.
Private collection XAVER SCHOPFEL: Skull and skeleton
Locality: Langenaltheim, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Museum Beim Solenhofer Aktienverein, Maxberg near Solnhofen: Skeleton.
Private collection of Willibaldsburg: Skeleton.
Locality: Muhlheim, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Museum Beim Solnhofener Aktienverein, Maxberg near Solnhofen: Skull and skeleton.
Locality: Solnhofen, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
PU 11 984: Skeleton.
CM 11429 (example 53 of Wellnhofer, 1973, 1975): Skeleton.
CM 11431 (example 56 of Wellnhofer, 1973, 1975),CM 11427 (example 59 of Wellnhofer, 1973, 1975): Skulls and skeletons.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri CM 11429, after Hone, et al., (2013)
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri CM 11427, after Wellnhofer, (1975)
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri CM 11431, after Hone, et al., (2013)
Locality: Nusplingen, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.Horizon: Nusplinger Formation, Malm Zeta 1.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Ubersichstabelle: Skull and skeleton.
Locality: Blumenberg near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection EDWARD SCHOPFEL: Skeleton.
HOFFMAN, BESTWICK, BERNDT, BERTNDT, FUCHS & KLUG, 2020
PIMUZ 37358: Tooth.
Note: The tooth is imbedded into a specimen of Plesioteuthis subovata.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri private collection of Edward Schopfel, after Wellnhofer, (1975
Locality: Wintershof near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection EDWARD SCHOPFEL: Fragmentary skeleton.
Private collection EDWARD SCHOPFEL: Skeleton.
Locality: Birkhof near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection of Willibaldsburg Eichstatt: Skeleton.
= Rhamphorhynchus suevicus FRAAS, 1855 (nomen dubium)
Etymology: In honor of the Suevi, an old Germanic race.
= Rhamphorhynchus cf. muensteri WELLNHOFER, 1975Holotype: Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Ludwigsburg.
Locality: Nusplingen, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.
Horizon: Nusplinger Formation, Malm Zeta 1.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Rhamphorhynchus suevicus Holotype: Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Ludwigsburg, after Plieninger, (1907).
= Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) hirundinaceus WAGNER, 1857 (nomen dubium)
Etymology: Greek, hirundo, and aceus, “swallow-like in nature”: in reference to the extant avian theropod, the swallow.
= Pterodactylus hirundinaceus (WAGNER, 1857) WAGNER, 1858 (nomen dubium)Holotype:?
Locality:?
Horizon:?
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:?
= Rhamphorhynchus curtimanus WAGNER, 1858
Etymology: Latin, curtus, “shorten” and Latin, manus, “hand.”Holotype:?
Locality:?
Horizon:?
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:?
= Rhamphorhynchus longimanus WAGNER, 1858
Etymology: Latin, longus, “long” and Latin, manus, “hand.”Holotype: BS., Inv. nr. AS VI 34
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skeleton.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus longimanus Holotype: BS. Inv. nr. AS VI 34, after Wellnhofer, (1975); A) as preserved, and B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus longimanus Holotype: BS. Inv. nr. AS VI 34, after Wellnhofer, (1975).
= Rhamphorhynchus meyeri OWEN, 1870
Etymology: In honor of Hermann von Meyer.Holotype: BMNH Nr. 37003
Locality: Pappenheim, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Dentary, dorsal, sacral, caudal vertebrae, ribs, and nearly complete hind legs.
Rhamphorhynchus meyeri Holotype: BMNH Nr. 37003, after Owen (1870).
= Rhamphorhynchus phyllurus MARSH, 1882
Etymology: Greek, filluros/phyllos, “leaf” and Greek, oura, “tail.”
= Pteromonodactylus phyllurus (MARSH, 1882) TERIAEV, 1967Holotype: YPM 1778
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull and skeleton showing wing membrane.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus phyllurus Holotype: YPM 1778, after Marsh (1882); A) as preserved, and B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus phyllurus Holotype: YPM 1778, A) after Marsh (1882), B, C) new reconstruction: B) dorsal and C) lateral views.
CM 54 (cast of type).
From Seeley, 1901.
= Rhamphorhynchus megadactylus KOEINGSWALD, 1931
Etymology: Greek, megas, “huge, powerful” and Greek, dactylus, “finger.”Holotype: BS., Nr. 1929 I 69
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull and skeleton, missing tail.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus megadactylus Holotype: BS. Nr. 1929 I 69, after Koeingswald (1931); A) as preserved, and B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus megadactylus Holotype: BS. Nr. 1929 I 69, A) after Koeingswald (1931); B, C) new reconstruction; B) dorsal and C) lateral views.
= Rhamphorhynchus carnegiei KOH, 1937
Etymology: In honor of Andrew Carnegie, the founder of the Carnegie Institution, and in recognition of his interest in vertebrate paleontologyHolotype: CM 11432 (example 54 of Wellnhofer, 1973, 1975)
Locality: Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Fragmentary skeleton.
Rhamphorhynchus carnegiei Holotype: CM 11432, after Hone, et al., (2013).
Referred material:
AMMON, 1909
Locality: Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BSM, Nr. AS i 772: Skeleton and skull.
Rhamphorhynchus carnegiei BSM, Nr. AS i 772, after Frickhinger (1994).
= Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) gemmingi MEYER, 1846
Etymology: Latin, gemma, “precious stone.”
= Ornithocephalus gemmingi (MEYER, 1846) WAGNER, 1851
= Rhamphorhynchus gemmingi (MEYER, 1846) MEYER, 1859Holotype: TM. 6922/6923
Locality: Solnhofen, Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Lithographic Shale, Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Missing most of the skull, dentary, 3 cervical, dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae, scapula, coracoids, humeri, ulnae, radii, metacarapals and phalanges, pelvis, femora, tibia and metacarpals.
Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) gemmingi Holotype: TM. 6922/6923, after Meyer (1846).
Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) gemmingi Holotype: TM. 6922/6923, A) after Wellnhofer (1975), and B) new reconstruction.
Referred material:
ANONYMOUS, 1994
National Museums of Scotland, NMS: Skull and nearly complete skeleton with wing impressions.
LYDEKKER, 1888
BMNH 49151: Fragmentary skeleton.
BMNH 37362: Skull and skeleton.
BMNH 37003: Mandible and skeleton.
BMNH 37787: Fragmentary skeleton.
SECHER, 1997
Nearly complete specimen to be sold at auction.
FRICKHINGER, 1994
Locality: Blumenberg, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie, Munchen: Skull and skeleton with wing impressions.
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Bayerische Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie Munchen: Skull and skeleton.
BMNH Skull and fragmentary skeleton.
Museum Berger, Harthof: Skull and skeleton of a juvenile.
GILMORE, 1906
USNM 2420: Skull and skeleton and wing membrane.
DOEDERLEIN, 1929
Number not given: Skull and skeleton.
MEYER, 1859
Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut der Universitat Heidelberg, Inv. Nr. MYE 13: Skull and skeleton.
WOODWARD, 1902
Burgermeister-Muller-Museum: Skull and skeleton.
Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut der Universtat Heidelberg WLL. 1: Skull and skeleton.
GROSS, 1937
Locality:
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
R 4125: Skull and skeleton.
R 4128: Tip of Tail.
LYDEKKER 1888
Locality: Steinbruche, near Solnhofen, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon:
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Kimmeridgian Stage, Middle Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BMNH R231: Fragmentary skull and mandible.
LYDEKKER 1890
Locality: Winterberg, near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BMNH R1692: Left wing and impressions.
ZITTEL, 1882
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri A-B) BSP 1867 II 2, = Rhamphorhynchus gemmingi, after Zittel (1882)
WOODWARD, 1902
Locality: Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Lithographic Stone, Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Number: Not given: Fragmentary skeleton and scattered skull.
WOODWARD, 1902
Locality: Langenaltheim, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule Eichstatt: Skull and skeleton.
Locality: Wintershof near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection of EDUARD SCHOPFEL: Skeleton.
= Ornithopterus lavateri (MEYER, 1838) 1859/1860 (referred material, nomen dubium)
(example no. 75 of Wellnhofer, 1975)Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Lithographic Shale, Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut der Univrsitat Heidelberg, Inv. Nr. MYE 13: Skull and skeleton.
Skull of Ornithopterus lavateri, Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut der Univrsitat Heidelberg, Inv. Nr. MYE 13, after Wellnhofer, (1975); A) as preserved, and B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Ornithopterus lavateri, Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut der Univrsitat Heidelberg, Inv. Nr. MYE 13, after Wellnhofer, (1975); A) as preserved, and B, C) new reconstruction; B) dorsal and C) lateral views.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Species: longicaudus (MÜNSTER, 1839) MEYER,
1860
Etymology: Latin, longus, “long” and Latin, cauda, “tail.”
= Pterodactylus longicaudus MÜNSTER, 1839
= Rhamphorhynchus (Odontorhynchus) longicaudus (MÜNSTER,
1839) STOLLEY, 1936
= Ornithocephalus longicaudus (MÜNSTER,
1839) WAGNER, 1851
= Rhamphorhynchus longicaudatus AMMON, 1884 (sic)
= Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) longicaudus (MÜNSTER,
1839) MEYER, 1846
= Odontorhynchus longicaudus (STOLLEY, 1936) OLSHEVSKY, 1978
Holotype: TM, Nr. 6924
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen, Malm Zeta 2.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Lower Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus Holotype: TM, Nr. 6924: A) after Wellnhofer (1975) and B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus Holotype: TM, Nr. 6924: A) after Wellnhofer (1975) and B, C)
new reconstruction; B) dorsal and C) lateral views.
Referred material:
BROILI, 1927
BS. Nr. 1889 XI 1: Carpus, 16 dorsal, 3 sacral, 40 caudal vertebrae.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus BSP 1889 XI 1 (examplar 7 of Wellnhofer, 1975),
after Wellnhofer, (1975); A) as pereserved, and B) new reconstruction.
Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus BSP 1889 XI 1 (examplar 7 of Wellnhofer, 1975).
LYDEKKER 1888
BMNH 37361: Cast of type.
= Rhamphorhynchus (Pterodactylus) longicaudus (MÜNSTER, 1839) MEYER, 1847MEYER, 1847
Material: Skeleton.
MEYER, 1860
TM., Nr. 6930: Isolated sacral vertebrae, ilium and caudal vertebrae.
WAGNER, 1861
Museum fur Naturkunde an der Humbold-Universitat Berlin: Skull.
ZITTEL, 1882
BSM, Inv. Nr. 1877 X 1: Skull and skeleton.
BSM Nr. 1960 I 470, BSM Nr. 1938 I 503: Skeletons.
Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus BSP 1960 I 470 (examplar 9 of Wellnhofer, 1975).
Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus BSP 1938 I 503 (examplar 11 of Wellnhofer, 1975).
Burgermeister-MULLER-Museum: Skull.
Museum fur Naturkund an der Humbolt-Universitat Berlin: Fragmentary small skeleton.
Private collection JURGEN SCHMITT: Skeleton and skull.
WELLNHOFER, 1975
Philophisch-Theologische Hochschule, 1866.6 (examplar 12 of Wellnhofer, 1975).
Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus Philophisch-Theologische Hochschule, 1866.6 (examplar 12 of Wellnhofer, 1975
AMMON, 1884
Locality: Kelheim, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Lithographic limestone, Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection of Naturwissenschftlichen Vereins Regsburg: Skull and skeleton.
From Ammon, 1884.
Locality: Zandt, near Denkendorf, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BS., Nr. 1959 I 400: Skull and skeleton
Rhamphorhynchus longicaudus BSP 1858 I 400 (examplar 10 of Wellnhofer, 1975).
Locality: Birkhof near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection of Willibaldsburg: Skull and skeleton.
Locality: Blumenberg near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Museum BERGER, Harthof near Eichstatt: 2 skulls and skeletons.
LEICH, 1968
Locality: Schernfeld near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Private collection HELMUT LEICH, Bochum Nr. 010: Skeleton.
WIMAN, 1925
Localities and horizons not given.
Palaontolgisches Institut der Universitat Uppsala, Sweden.: Skeleton.
Philosphisch-Theologische Hochshule Eichstatt, Nr. 1966, 6: Skull and skeleton.
Burgermeister-MULLER-Museum: Skeleton.
Number: Not given: Skull, fragmentary skeleton.
CM 11433 (example 21 of Wellnhofer, 1973, 1975): Skull and skeleton.
Mineralogisk Museum Kopehangen, Inv. Nr. V. 45/1: Skull and skeleton.
Mineralogisk Museum Kopehangen, Inv. Nr. 1891.740: Humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpus, carpus, finger.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri CM 11433, after Hone, et al., (2013)
WIMAN, 1929
Locality:?
Horizon:?
Biostratigraphy:
Age:
Material:
Number: Not given: Skeleton.
= Rhamphorhynchus intermedius KOH, 1937
Etymology: Latin, inter, “between” and Latin, medius, “middle.”Holotype: BSM 1934 I 36
Locality: Langenaltheim, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus intermedius Holotype: BSM 1934 I 36, after Wellnhofer, (1975); A) as pereserved, and B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus intermedius Holotype: BSM 1934 I 36, after Koh, (1937), B, C) new reconstruction; B) dorsal and C) lateral views.
Referred material:
WELLNHOFER, 1975
Private collection of KARL STROBI: Skull and skeleton.
Note: With fish elements from the stomach region.
Private collection of JURGEN SCHMITT: Skull and skeleton.
Senckenberg-Museum, Frankfurt: R 4185
Locality: Wintershof near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Philosphisch-Theologische Hochschul Eichstatt: Skull and skeleton with wing membrane.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus intermedius, Private collection of Edward Schopel,
Wellnhofer, (1975).
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus intermedius, A) Private collection of Edward Schopel, Wellnhofer, (1975); B) Kateda geologie paleontologie der Universität Brünn (CSSR), Inv. Nr. 554, after Wellnhofer, (1975).
Locality: Solnhofen, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Katedra Geologie Paleontologie der Universitat Brunn (CSSR) 554: Skeleton.
Locality: Workerzell near Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
BMNH 42738: Skull and skeleton.
Locality: Muhlheim, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule Eichstatt, 1951.14: Skeleton.
Locality: Zandt, near Denkendorf, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Geologisches Institut der Universitat Erlangen, 115a: Humerus, radius, ulna, carpus, metacarpus, wing finger.
FRICKHINGER, 1999
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Naturhistorisches Museum Wien: Complete skull and skeleton.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Species: longiceps WOODWARD, 1902
Etymology: Latin, longus, “long” and Latin, –ceps, “head.”
Holotype: BMNH 37002
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen, Malm Zeta 2.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull.
After WELLNHOFER, 1975.
Skull of Rhamphorhynchus longiceps Holotype: BMNH 37002; A) after Wooward (1902); B) new reconstruction.
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus longiceps Holotype: BMNH 37002; after Wellnhofer, (1975).
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus longiceps Holotype: BMNH 37002; new reconstruction; A) dorsal, and C) lateral views.
Referred material:
= Rhamphorhynchus kokeni PLIENINGER, 1907
Etymology: In honor of Koken.Holotype: Institut und Museum fur Geologie und Palaontologie der Universitat, Tubingen.
Locality: Nusplingen, Baden-Wurttemberg State, Germany.
Horizon: Nusplinger Formation, Malm Zeta 1.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Skull and skeleton.
After Wellnhofer, 1975
Skeleton of Rhamphorhynchus kokeni, Holotype: Institut und Museum fur Geologie und Palaontologie der
Universitat, Tubingen; after Wellnhofer (1975): A) as preserved, and B C) new reconstruction; B) dorsal and
C) lateral views.
Referred material:
Locality: Solnhofen, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.
Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
CM 11428 (example 83 of Wellnhofer, 1973, 1975): Skull and skeleton.
Rhamphorhynchus muensteri CM 11428, after Hone, et al., (2013)
Locality: Eichstatt, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.Horizon: Solnhofen.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Upper Tithonian Stage, Upper Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material:
Museum Berger, Harthof near Eichstatt: Skull and skeleton.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Species: etchesi O’SULLIVAN & MARTILL, 2015
Etymology: In honor of Mr. Steve Etches, one of the most prolific Jurassic fossil
collectors in England and collections manager of MJML K.
Holotype: MJML K-1597
Locality: Kimmeridge, Dorset County, England, Southern United Kingdom.
Horizon: Kimmeridge Clay.
Biostratigraphy:
Age: Tithonian Stage, Middle Malm Epoch, Late Jurassic.
Material: Associated elements from a left and right wing.
Rhamphorhynchus etches after O’Sullivan et al., (2015); A) MJML K-1597 block;
B) close up of right scapulocoracoid and wing phalange 1; C) close up of right humerus,
left wing phalang 2, right ulna, and right radius.
