Genus: Pistosaurus MEYER, 1839
Etymology: Greek, pistos, “liquid” and Greek, sauros, “lizard”: Liquid lizard.

Species: longaevus MEYER, 1839
Etymology:

Holotype: Oberfrankisches Erdgeschichtliches Museum, Bayreuth, unnumbered (UM-O no. BT0682?)

Locality: Lainecker Höhenzug, east of Bayreuth, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Southern Germany.

Horizon: Upper Muschelkalk,

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Upper Anisian Stage, Lower Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material: Skull missing tip.

OWEN, 1854

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS 284: Cast of type.

Paratype:

SMF no. 4041-4: Paratype skeleton.

SMF no. R.2011: Humerus.

SMF no. 4041-5 :Humerus.

SMF no. 4041-7: Ulna.

SMF no. 4041-9: Radius.

SMF no. 4041-10: Ulnare.

SMF no. 4041-12: Carpalia.

SMF no. 4041-13: Carpalia.

Referred material:

SMF no. 875.b: Middle cervical vertebra.

SMF no. 875.f: Anterior cervial vrtebra.

SMF no. 84827: Dorsal vertebra.

SMF no. R276: Sacral vertebra.

SMF R. 4611: Middle caudal vertebra.

SMF R. 71: Fibula.

SMF R. 76: Articualted ilium.

UM-O no. BT 675: Pubis.

UM-O no. BT 5376: Femur.

UM-O no. BT 683: Tibia.

 

= Cf. Pistosaurus longaevus DALLA VECCHIA & AVANZINI, 2002

Locality: Kaiserjagerweg, Lochere di Caldonazzo, Valsugana, Trento Province, Northeastern Italy.

Horizon: Indeterminate level of the Marne della Val di Centra.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Late Illyrian, Late Anisian Stage, Lower Mid Triassic Epoch-Early Fassanian, Early Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Triassic.

Material:

MTSN 3653: Humerus.

 

DIEDRICH, 2013b

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Bad Sulza Member, Bad Sulza Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: ? Biozone, ? beds.

Age: Middle Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NME no. 78/251: Cervical neural arch.

NME no. 78/254: Cervical vertebra.

 

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Bad Sulza Member, Bad Sulza Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: pulcher Biozone, ? beds.

Age: Middle Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB Ma.453: Ulna.

NME no. 23/316: Femur.

NME no. 78/486, /487, /495: Dorsal centra.

NME no. 78/493, /487: Cervical vertebrae.

NME no. 78/498: Caudal centrum.

NME no. 93/174: Dorsal vertebra centrum half.

 

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Bad Sulza Member, Bad Sulza Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: pulcher Biozone, Glauconite beds.

Age: Middle Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.146: Dorsal centrum.

MB Ma 456; Femur.

MB R. 492: Scapula.

NME no. 78/217: ?Humerus.

NME no. 78/484: Dorsal vertebra.

NME no. 78/341: Femur.

NME no. 78/199: ?Tibia.

SHMBS 99: Cervical neural arch.

 

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Bad Sulza Member, Bad Sulza Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: pulcher Biozone, Trochitenkalk bed 1.

Age: Middle Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.136: Gastralia.

NME no. 78/499: Cervical vertebra.

NME no. 78/488: Dorsal vertebra.

NME no. 78/492: Dorsal centrum.

NME no. 78/509: Caudal costa.

NME no. 93/29: Half a dorsal centra.NME no. 93/48: Half a dorsal centrum.

NME unnumbered: Sacral vertebra.SHMBS V100: Dorsal vertebra centrum.

 

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Bad Sulza Member, Bad Sulza Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: pulcher Biozone, Trochitenkalk bed 2.

Age: Middle Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.140: Anterior thorical costa.

NME R.130: Thoracal costa.

NME no. 78/228: Dorsal costa.

NME no. 78/482: Dorsal vertebra.

 

 

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Bad Sulza Member, Bad Sulza Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: atavus Biozone, Coenothyris beds.

Age: Middle Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NME no. 78/237: Dorsal centrum.

NME no. 78/485: Dorsal vertebra.

 

DIEDRICH, 2013c

Locality: Bindlach, Baveria State, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: Mo2, Compressus Zone.

Age: Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

SMF 4041: Fragmentary skeleton.

Breakdown as follows;

SMF 4041-1: Coracoid, few incomplete.

SMF 4041-2: Coracoid strong incomplete.

SMF 4041-3: Incomplete clavicle.

SMF 4041-4: Scapula.

SMF 4041-5, -6: Humeri.

SMF 4041-7, 8: Ulnae.

SMF 4041-9: Radius.

SMF 4041-10, 11: Ulnare.

SMF 4041-12 to 15: 4 carpalia (in anatomic connection.

SMF 4041-16: Nearly complete metacarpus.

SMF 4041-17, 18: Metacarpus fragment.

SMF 4041-19: Cervical vertebra, fragment in column.

SMF 4041-20, 21: Cervical vertebra.

SMF 4041-22, 23, 26: Cervical vertebrae, (in column, with one complete cervical costae.

SMF 4041-24, 25m 27 to 41: Cervical vertebrae (in column).

SMF 4041-42 to 61: Dorsal vertebra (in column).

SMF 4041-62: Sacral vertebra (in column).

SMF 4041-63 to 79: Caudal vertebra (in column).

SMF 4041-80 to 82: Cervical costa.

SMF 4041-83: Middle gastralia.

SMF 4041-84: Distal gastralia.

SMF 4041-85: Nealry complete ilium.

SMF 4041-86: Ischium fragment.

SMF 4041-87, 88: Nearly complete femora.

SMF 4041-89: Half of a fibula.

SMF 4041-90: Half of a tibia.

SMF R 90: Complete humerus.

 

Locality: Bindlach, Baveria State, Germany.

Horizon: Bindlach Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Upper Illyrian Substage, Late Anisian Stage-Lower Fassanian Substage, Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NME 93/130, /131: Half of femora.

NMB unnumbered: Femur.

U-MO BT-682: Skull.

U-MO BT0706: Fibula.

U-MO BT-713, -721: Incomplete fibula.

U-MO BT-5793. Tooth.

U-MO BT-5656, -5357, -0030220.03, -003022.05, -003033.06, -003022.08, -003022.10: Large praemaxillary teeth.

U-MO-BT-003023.00, -003024.00: Incomplete coracoids.

U-MO BT-003022.01, -003022.02, 003022.04, -03022.06, -003022.09, -5355: Lateral teeth.

U-MO BT-003025.00, -003026.00, -003027.00, -003033.00, -003031.00: Nearly complete humerii.

U-MO BT-003028.99, -003029.00, SMF R754: Distal half of humerii.

U-MO BT-003032.00, -003034.00: Nearly compelte ulnae.

U-MO BT-003033.00: Distal half of ulna.

U-MO BT-003035.00: Cervical vertebra.

U-MO BT-003036.00: Posterior cervical vertebra.

U-MO BT-003037.00, -00308.00: Cervical centra.

U-MO BT-003039.00: First dorsal vertebra?

U-MO BT-0003040.00: Anteriro dorsal vertebra.

U-MO BT-003041.00, -003042.00, -003045.00 to -003053.00: Incomplete middle dorsal vertebrae.

U-MO BT-003043.00, 003044.00, -003055.00, -003056.00: Incomplete dorsal vertebrae.

U-MO BT-003054.00: Half of a middle dorsal vertebra.

U-MO BT-003057 to -003062.00, unnumbered (3): Dorsal centra.

U-MO BT-003063.00: Sacral centa.

U-MO BT-003064.00: Complete pubis.

U-MO BT-003065.00: Half a pubis.

U-MO BT.003065.01: Ilium.

U-MO BT-003066.00,-003067.00: Femora.

U-MO BT-003069.00, -003070.00, SMF R77, R.78: Half of femora.

U-MO BT-003071.00, -003072.00: Nearly complete femur.

U-MO BT-003073.00U-MO BT-5372: Anterior 2x dorsal vertebra.

U-MO BT-003074.00: Proximal half of fibula.

U-MO BT-5375: Nealry compete femur.

U-MO BT-1115: Nearly comlete femur.

NMB unnumbered: 3 middle dorsal vertebrae.

NHB BT-683: Tibia.

NME 23/315: Dorsal vertebra.

SMF R.67: Femur.

SMF R.71: Fibula.

SMF R.870, 828: Middle dorsal vertebrae.

SMF R.822: Incompolete tibia.

 

Locality: Bindlach, Baveria State, Germany.

Horizon: MO2, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: compressus Zone.

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NMB unnumbered: Middle dorsal vertebra.

 

Locality: "Bayreuth", Baveria State, Germany.

Horizon: Bindlach/Hegnabrunn Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Upper Illyrian Substage, Late Anisian Stage-Lower Fassanian Substage, Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.22: incomplete ischium.

MB R.396.2: Cervical centrum.

NME 78/498: Caudal centra.

SMF R 66, R.89, R. 91, R.2009, 4620: Femora.

SMF R.75: Nearly complete ischium.

SMF R.76: Ilium and ischium nearly complete.

SMF R87, R5617: Nearly complete coracoids.

SMF R2011, R55, R56, R57: Complete humeri.

SMF R80, R.2021: Incomplete ulnae.

SMF R. 276, 709: Sacral vertebrae.

SMF R.875A-F: Middle cervical vertebrae.

SMF R.513: Incomplete anterior dorsal vertebra.

SMF R.581, R.899: Posterior cervical vertebra.

SMF R.566, 595, 4609: Dorsal centra.

SMF R.856: Last? posterior cervical vertebra.

SMF R.906: Incomplete anterior caudal vertebra.

SMF R.4611: Caudal vertebra.

SMF R.2019, R.4612: Incomplete middle caudal vertebra.

SMF R.1051, unnumbered: Anterior dorsal vertebrae.

SMF R.4615: Dorsal centra.

SMF R.4631: Incomplete dorsal vertebra.

SMF R.600, 701, 721, 910, 4614: Incomplete dorsal vertebrae.

 

Locality: Laineck, Baveria State, Germany.

Horizon: Bindlach/Hegnabrunn Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Upper Illyrian Substage, Late Anisian Stage-Lower Fassanian Substage, Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.364, 365: Cervical vertebra.

MB R.333, 340, 350, 375: Dorsal centra.

MB R.383.1, R.400.1: Cervical centra.

MB R.344.1: Sacral vertebra.

MB.345: Caudal vertebra.

MB R.961: Incomplete femur.

MB R.952: TIbia.

MB R.957: Half fa tibia.

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Lower Bad Sulza Member, Bad Sulza Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: ? Biozone, ? beds.

Age: Upper Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NME 78/497, /483: Cervical vertebrae.

 

Locality: Mösbisburg, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Middle Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NME 39/97, /220: Dorsal centra.

 

Locality: Oberdorla, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Upper Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage/Fassian Substage, Landian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.154: Femur.

MB R.196: Dorsal vertebra.

 

Locality: Gorbitzhausen, Thuringia State, Germany.

Horizon: Mo1-2, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NME 39/140: Incomplete dorsal vertebra.

 

Locality: Bissendorf, Lower Saxony State, Germany.

Horizon: Osnabrucker Formation.

Biostratigraphy: compressus Zone.

Age: Fassian Substage, Landian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NMO Pal 327-504: Dorsal centrum.

 

Locality: Lamerden, Hesse State, Germany.

Horizon: Meißner Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: Mo2, enodis/posseckeri zone.

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NMK LAM-829: Femur shaft.

NMK unnumberd: Incomplete femur.

 

Locality: Eilversen, Westphalia State, Germany.

Horizon: Meißner Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: evoltus Zone.

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

LLM mo. 512: Dorsal centra.

 

Locality: Crailsheim, Baden-Württemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Trochitenkalk Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: Mo2.

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

SMNS 17409: Nearly complete ischium.

 

Locality: Neidenfels I, Baden-Württemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Meißner Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy: Mo2.

Age: Fassanian Substage, Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NHI 931: Femur.

 

 

Locality: Nitzenhausen, Baden-Württemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Warburg Formation, Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Dolomitic marl 45 cm below the Hauptterebratelbank, Upper Fassanian Substage, Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MHI 2037: Dorsal vertebra.

MHI unnumbered: Nearly complete juvenile coracoid.

 

 

Locality: Satteldorf-Bärenhaldermühle, Baden-Württemberg State, Germany.

Horizon: Meißner Formation.

Biostratigraphy: postspinosus zone, mo2.

Age: Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MHI 2036: ?Frist dorsal vertebra.

 

Locality: Opatowice, Poland

Horizon: Ceratiten-Kalk-Rybnaer Kalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Upper Illyrian substage, Ansian Stage/Fassian Substage, Landian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.597: Cervical vertebra.

MB R.653.1, 2: Dorsal centra.

 

Locality: Tarnowice, Upper Silesia, Poland.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Illyrian/Fassanian Substage, Late Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.596: Cervical vertebra.

MB R.584, R.585, R.593, R.594, R.623: Cervical centra.

MB R.589: Caudal centrum.

MB R.602: ?First dorsal vertebra.

MB R.608, 637: Dorsal centra.

MB R.598, 603, 604: Dorsal vertebrae.

 

 

Locality: Wolfburg.

Horizon:

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Illyrian/Fassanian Substage, Late Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Middle Triassic.

Material:

MB R.489: Tooth.

 

DIEDRICH, 2015

Locality: Enodis/posseckeri bonebed, Lamerden, Hessen State, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Muscheklalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Ladinian Stage, Late Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

LAM-613: 1 dorsal neural spine.

LAM-829: 1 femur shaft.

 

RIEPPEL, 1994

Locality: Trochitenbank 5, Neidenfels near Crailsheim, Baden-Württemberg State, Germany.

Material: Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MHI 2778: Dorsal centrum.

 

SUES, 1987

Locality: Bayreuth, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.

Horizon: Middle Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Middle Triassic.

Material:

SMF R2011: Right humerus.

SMF R76: Left ilium and ischium.

SMF R55, R56, R57: Humerii.

SMF R87: Left coracoid.

SMF R870: Anterior dorsal vertebra.

 

SURMIK, ROTHSCHILD, DULSKI & JANISEWSKA, 2017

Locality: Rybna, Tarnowskie gory town District, upper Silesia, southern Poland.

Horizon: Boruszowice Formation.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Illyrian/Fassanian Substage, Late Ansian Stage, Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Middle Triassic.

Material:

SUT-MG/F/Tvert/43-1: Proximal part of the femur.

Note: The presence of decompression syndrome-related avasclar necrosis.

DIEDRICH, 2013c

MB, R.44: Tooth.

MB R.644.2: Cervical vertebra.

MB R. 642.1, R.644.5: Dorsal centra.

MB R.642.3, R.644.3, R.642.2, R.642.4: Cervical centra.

MB R.642.6: Caudal centra.

MB R.644.1, R.644.4: Dorsal centra.

 

 

 

 

Locality: Bad Sulza, Thuringa State, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

NME 78.341: A complete femur.

Note: Shows infectious process-related filigree texture adn irregular disruption (cauliflower-like form) of pathologically overgrown bone tissue wiht draining sinus indentified.

 

Locality: Bindlach, Baveria, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

SMF.R.2011: An isolated, complete humerus.

Note: Has typical joint surface collapse (subsidence) as a result fo bends related AVN.

 

Locality: ?

Horizon:?

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material:

MHI 931: A complete femur. Shos significant degradation of teh articular surface as a result of infectious process, numerous draining sinuses and islets of pathological plaque.

= Nothosaurus baruthicus GEISSLER, 1895
Etymology:

SMF R4041

Locality: A quarry at the Bindlacher Berg, Germany.

Horizon: 1.2 m below Nothosaurus strunzi, Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Triassic.

Material: Headless torso.

 

 

= Nothosaurus strunzi GEISSLER, 1895
Etymology:

Locality: A quarry at the Bindlacher Berg, Germany.

Horizon: Muschalkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Triassic.

Material: A large skull.

 

= Pistosaurus grandaevus MEYER, 1855
Etymology:

Holotype: MB, no. R 47

Locality: Bindlach, Bindlacher Berg, Bayreuth, Bayern (Bavaria) State, Germany.

Horizon: Upper Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Ladinian Stage, Upper Mid Triassic Epoch, Late Middle Triassic.

Material: Skull.

Referred material:

PERSSON

Locality: Mont, North East France.

Horizon: Muschelkalk.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Mid Triassic Epoch, Middle Triassic.

Material:

Number: Not given: Teeth.