Genus: Xiaochelys ZHOU, & RABI, 2015
Etymology: Chinese Pinyin, Xiao, refers to the small size of the taxon, and Greek, chelys, "turtle."

Species: ningchengensis  ZHOU, & RABI, 2015
Etymology: In reference to the type locality.

Holotype: PMOL-AR00210

Locality: Near Yang-shu-wan-zi Village, Bi-si-ying-zi Township, Ningcheng County, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, China.

Horizon: Yixian Formation, Jehol Group.

Biostratigraphy:

Age: Barremian Stage, Lowermost Gallic Subepoch, Early Cretaceous Epoch, Early Cretaceous-Aptian Stage, Upper Early Cretaceous Epoch, Uppermost Early Cretaceous.

Material: An articulated skeleton of a potentially juvenile or subadult individual obtained in two slabs.