Placodontia (Genera: 19; Species: 35)

CLASS: REPTILIA Laurenti, 1768
= CLASS: MONOCONDYLIA Cope, 1890

SUBCLASS: DIAPSIDA OSBORN, 1903

INFRACLASS: NEODIAPSIDA BENTON, 1985

LEGION: LEPIDOSAUROMORPHA BENTON, 1983

SUPERORDER: SAUROPTERYGIA OWEN 1860

OR NEODIAPSIDA: INCERTAE SEDIS

PLACODONTIFORMES

Incertae sedis

Genus: Horaffia KLEIN & HAGDORN, 2014
H. kugleri KLEIN & HAGDORN, 2014 (Type

Genus: Palatodonta NEENAN, KLEIN & SCHEYER, 2013
P. bleekeri NEENAN, KLEIN & SCHEYER, 2013 (Type)

ORDER: PLACODONTIA MEYER, 1863
= PLACODONTOMORPHA KUHN, 1969
= ORDER: PLACODONTES MEYER, 1863
= ORDER: PLACODI OWEN, 1859
= ORDER: PLACODONTA JAEKEL, 1907
= ORDER: PLACODONTI JAEKEL, 1911
= ORDER: THEROMORA COPE, 1889 (partim)

Incertae sedis

Genus: Pararcus KLEIN & SCHEYER, 2014
P. diepenbroeki KLEIN & SCHEYER, 2014 (Type)

Gen. sp indet.

SUBORDER: PLACODONTOIDEA COPE, 1871
= SUBORDER: PLACODONTOIDEI TATARINOV, 1964
= SUBORDER : MACROCEPHALI MEYER, 1863

Family: PARAPLACODONTIDAE Peyer & Kuhn-Schnyder, 1955

Genus: Paraplacodus PEYER, 1931
P. broilii PEYER, 1931 (Type)
P. sp

Family: PLACODONTIDAE Meyer, 1863
= Family: MACROCEPHALIA H. v. Meyer, 1863

Genus: Placodus AGASSIZ, 1833
= Anomosaurus HUENE, 1902
= Pleurodus GÜRICH, 1885
P. gigas AGASSIZ, 1833 (Type)
= Placodus pachygnathus OWEN, 1858
= Placodus bathygnathus OWEN, 1858
= Placodus quinimolaris MEYER, 1863
= Placodus hypsicephalus MEYER, 1863
= Placodus hypsiceps MEYER, 1863
= Placodus aethiopi MÜNSTER in SCHEDIS, (1834?)
= Placodus angustus MÜNSTER in SCHEDIS, (1834?)
= Placodus rugosus MÜNSTER in SCHEDIS, (1834?)
= Placodus andriani MÜNSTER , 1839
= Placodus bombidens OWEN, 1859
= Anomosaurus strunzi HUENE, 1905
= Placodus antiquior HUENE, 1936
= Colobus schmidti SCHMIDT, 1928
= Omphalosaurus peyeri MAISCH & LEHMANN, 2002
P. inexpectatus JIANG, MONTANI, HAO, RIEPPEL, SUN, SCHMITZ, & SUN, 2008
= Genus: Nova JIANG, HAO, SUN, MONTANI & SCHMITZ, 2006
P. sp

Incertae sedis

Genus: Placodus non AGASSIZ, 1833
P. gracilis JURCSAK, 1976 (nomen dubium)

Gen. sp indet.

SUBORDER: CYAMODONTIDA RIEPPEL, 2001

Incertae sedis

Genus: Placodus non AGASSIZ, 1833
P. impressus AGASSIZ, 1833

Genus: Priscochelys KARL, 2005
P. hegnabrunnensis KARL, 2005 (Type)

Genus: Psephosaurus FRAAS, 1896
P. suevicus FRAAS, 1896 (Type)
P. somaoticus FRAAS, 1896 (nomen dubium)
P. (?) picardi BROTZEN, 1957 (nomen dubium)
P. sp

Genus: Sinocyamodus CHUN, 2000
S. xinpuensis CHUN, 2000 (Type)

Superfamily: CYAMODONTOIDEA Nopcsa, 1923
= Superfamily: CYAMODONTIDA Nopcsa, 1923 emend Rieppel, 2000

Gen. sp indet.

Family: CYAMODONTIDAE Nopcsa, 1923

Genus: Cyamodus MEYER, 1863
C. munsteri (AGASSIZ 1833, in SCHEDIS & V. MÜNSTER, 1833) MEYER, 1863
= Placodus munsteri AGASSIZ, 1833 (AGASSIZ 1833, in schedis & v. MÜNSTER, 1833)
= Cyamodus muensteri RIEPPEL, 2001 (sic)
C. rostratus (MÜNSTER, 1839) MEYER, 1863 (Type)
= Placodus rostratus MÜNSTER, 1839
C. hildegardis PEYER, 1931
Note: Probable synonym of C. laticeps (PINNA, 1999)
C. kuhnschnyderi NOSOTTI & PINNA, 1993
= Cyamodus kuhn-schnyderi NOSOTTI & PINNA, 1993
C. orientalis WANG, LI, SCHEYER & ZHAO, 2019
C. sp ?
C. sp

Gen. sp indet.

Family: HENODONTIDAE Huene, 1936
= Subfamily: HENODONTINAE Huene, 1936 (sensu Pinna, 1999)

Genus: Henodus HUENE, 1936
H. chelyops HUENE, 1936 (Type)

Genus: Parahenodus CHAVES, ORTEGA & PEREZ-GARCIA, 2018
P. atancensis CHAVES, ORTEGA & PEREZ-GARCIA, 2018 (Type)
= Genus: Nova de MIGUEL CHAVES, ORTEGA & PEREZ-GARCIA, 2018

Superfamily: PLACOCHELYIDA Jaekel, 1907 (sensu Romer, 1956)

Incertae sedis

Genus: Cyamodus non MEYER, 1863 as per PINNA, 1999
C. laticeps (OWEN, 1859) MEYER, 1863
= Placodus laticeps OWEN, 1859
C. tarnowitzensis GURICH, 1884

Gen. sp indet.

Family: MACROPLACIDAE Rieppel, 2000

Genus: Macroplacus SCHUBERT-KLEMPNAUER, 1975
M. raeticum SCHUBERT-KLEMPNAUER, 1975 emend PINNA, 1978 (Type)
= Macroplacus raeticus SCHUBERT-KLEMPNAUER, 1975
= Psephoderma raeticus (SCHUBERT-KLEMPNAUER, 1975) PINNA, 1978
= Psephoderma raeticum (SCHUBERT-KLEMPNAUER, 1975) PINNA, 1999

Family: PROTENODONTOSAURIDAE Rieppel, 2000

Genus: Protenodontosaurus PINNA, 1990
P. italicus PINNA, 1990 (Type)

Family: PLACOCHELYIDAE Jaekel, 1907
= PLATYCEPHALI H. v. Meyer, 1863
= Family: ?PSEPHODERMATIDAE Nopcsa, 1923
= Subfamily: PLACOCHELYINAE Jaekel, 1907 (sensu Nopcsa, 1923)

Genus: Glyphoderma ZHAO, LI, LIU & HE, 2008
G. kangi ZHAO, LI, LIU, & HE, 2008 (Type)

Genus: Placochelys JAEKEL, 1902
= Placochelys JAEKEL, 1901 (nomen nudum)
P. placodontia JAEKEL, 1902 (Type)
= Psephoderma cfr. alpinum BASSANI, 1892
= Placochelys sp JAEKEL, 1901 (nomen nudum)
P. ?minutus YIN, in YIN, ZHAO, CAO, YU & LUO, 2000
P. sp

Genus: Psephochelys LI & RIEPPEL, 2002
P. polyosteoderma LI & RIEPPEL, 2002 (Type)

Genus: Psephoderma MEYER, 1858
= Placochelyannus KUHN, 1969
P. alpinum MEYER, 1858 (Type)
= Psephoderma alpina MEYER, 1858
= Psephoderma zitteli (AMMON, 1876)
= Placodus zitteli AMMON, 1876
= Placodus (Placochelys?) zitteli (AMMON, 1876) BROILI, 1920
= Placochelys zitteli (AMMON, 1876) KUHN, 1933
= Placochelys alpis sorididae BROILI, 1920
= Psephoderma alpissorididae (BROILI, 1920) PINNA, 1978
= Placochelys stoppanii OSSWALD, 1930
= Psephoderma stoppanii (OSSWALD, 1930)
= Placochelyannus stoppanii (OSSWALD, 1930) PINNA, 1976
= Placochelys “Placochelyanus” stoppanii (OSSWALD, 1930) RIEPPEL & ZANON, 1997
= Placochelys malanchinii BONI, 1947
= Placochelyannus malanchinii (BONI, 1947) KUHN, 1969
P. anglicum MEYER, 1867
P. sculptata RIEPPEL, 2002
= Psephoderma sp HAAS, 1975
P. sp

Genus: Psephosauriscus RIEPPEL, 2002
P. mosis (BROTZEN 1957) RIEPPEL, 2002 (Type)
= Psephosaurus (?) mosis BROTZEN 1957
P. sinaiticus (HAAS, 1959) RIEPPEL, 2002
= Psephosaurus (?) sinaiticus HAAS, 1959
P. (cf Psephosauriscus) rhombifer (HAAS, 1959) RIEPPEL, 2002
= Psephosaurus (?) rhombifer HAAS, 1959 (nomen dubium)
P. ramonensis RIEPPEL, 2002
P. sp

Gen. sp indet.

Bibliography

Bibliography for taxa list

_____________________________________________________________________________________

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

Agassiz, L., 1833- 43, Rescherches sur les poisons fossils: Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel.

Agassiz, L in Munster, H., 1833, Verzeichniss der Versteinerungen, welche in der Kreis-Naturalien-Sammlung zu Bayreuth, p. 95.

Ammon, L., 1878, Die Gastropodens des Hauptdolomits und des Plattenkalkes der Alpen: Abh. Geol. Min. Verein Regensburg, v. 11, p. 53-54.

B

Bassani., F., 1892. Avanzi di vertebrati inferiori nel calcare marnoso triasico di dogna in Friuli. Rendendiconti della Regia Accademia dei Lincei, v. 1, p. 284-287.

Boni, A., 1947, Placochelys malanchinii, nova forma di placodonte del retico Lombardo: Palaeontographica Italica, v. 43, p. 1-13.

Braun, C. F. W., 1863, Uber Placodus quinimolaris: Programm zum Jahresbericht der kongl. Kreis-Landwirthschafts – und Gewerbeschule zu Bayreuth fur das Schuligahr 1862-63, p. 5-10.

Bereckhemer F., 1928, Wurttembergische Landessammlung: Jahreschefte Verein fur Vaterlandische Naturkunde in Wurttemberg 1928: 19-21.

Broili, F., 1921, Ein neuer Placodontier aus dem Rhat der Bayerischen Alpen: Sitzungberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematisch-physikalische Klasse, 1920, p. 311-320.

Brotzen, F., 1957, Stratigraphical studies on the Triassic vertebrate fossils from Wadi Ramon, Israel: Arkiv for Mineralogi och Geologi, band 2, n. 9, p. 191-217.

C

Chaves, C. de M., Orteg, F., and Perez-Garcia, A., 2018, A new placodont from the Upper Triassic of Spain proves new insights on the acquisition of the specialized skull of Henodontidae: Papers in Palaeontology, v. 4, part 4, p. 567-576.

F

Fraas, E., 1896, Die schwabischen Trias-Saurier nach dem Matrial der Kgl. Naturalien-Sammlung in Stuttgart zusammengestellt: Mitt. Nat. Kab. Stuttgart, v. 5, p. 1-18.

G

Gurich, G., 1884, Ueber einige Saurier des Oberschlesischen Muscheklalkes: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, v. 36, p. 125-144.

H

Haas, G., 1959, On some fragments of dermal skeleton of Placodontia from the Trias of Arif en Naqa, Sinai Peninsula: Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar., v. 7, n. 4, p. 3-19.

Huene, F. von, 1902, Ubersicht uber die Reptilien der Trias : Geologische und Palaeontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folge Band VI, (Der Ganzen Reine Band X.), heft 1, p. 3-83.

Huene, F. von, 1905, Pelycosaurier im deutschen Muschelkalk: Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, v. 20, p. 321-353.

Huene, F. von, 1936. Henodus chelyops, ein neuer Placodontier: Paleontographica, v. 84, p. 8-147.

J

Jaekel, O., 1901, Reste eines nueun Placodontiden aus dem unteren Keuper von Veszprem am Platensee in Ungarn: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, v. 53, p. 56-57.

Jaekel, O., 1902, Ueber Placochelys n. g. und ihre Beeutung fur die Stammesgeschichte der Schildkroten: Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, 1902, p. 127-144.

Jiang, D.-Y., Hao, W.-C., Sun, Y.-L., Montani, R, and Schmitz, L., 2006, First record of placodontoidea (Reptilia, Sauropterygia, Placodontia) from the eastern Tethys: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 26, supplement to n. 3, Sixty-sixth annual meeting, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, October 18-21, p. 82a.

Jiang, D.-Y., Motani, R., Hao, W.-C., Rieppel, O., Sun, Y.-L., Schmitz, L., and Suny, Z.-Y., 2008, First record of Placodontoidea (Reptilia, Sauropterygia, Placodontia) from the Eastern Tethys: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 28, n. 3, p. 904-908.

Jurcsak, T., 1976, Noi Descoperieri de Reptile fosile in Triasicul de la Alesd : Nymphaea, v. 4, p. 67-105.

K

Klein, N., and Hagdorn, H., 2014, Humerus morphology and histology of a new marine reptile (Diapsida) from the Muschelkalk-Keuper-Grenzbonebed (Middle Triassic, Ladinian) of Southwest Germany: Palaeodiversity, v. 7, p. 23-38.

Klein, N., and Scheyer, T. M., 2014, A new placodont sauropterygian from the Middle Triassic of the Netherlands: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, v. 59, n. 4, p. 887-904.

Kuhn, O., 1933, Placodontia: Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia. pars 62, p. 1-15.

Kuhn, O., 1969, Placodontomorpha: Handbuch deer Palaoherpetologie, v. 9, p. 7-18.

L

Li, C., 2002, Placodont (Reptiia: Placodontia) from the Upper Triassic of Guizhou, Southwest China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 38, n. 4, p. 414-317.

Li, C., and Rieppel, O., 2002, A new cyamodontid placodont from the Triassic of Guizhou, China: Chinese Science Bulletin, v. 47, n. 5, p. 403-407.

M

Meyer, H., 1858, Psephodemra alpinum aus dem Dachsteinkalk der Alpe: Palaeontographica, v. 7, p. 246-252.

Meyer, H., 1863, Die Placodonten, eine Familie von Sauriern der Trias: Palaeontographica, v. 11, p. 175-221.

Meyer, H., 1867, Psephoderma anglicum aus dem Bone bed in England: Palaeontographica, v. 15, p. 261-263.

de Miguel Chaves, C., Ortega, F., and Perez-Garcia, A., 2018, A new Spanish placodont that provices information on teh evoution of the bizarre Henodontidae: In: European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists, XVI Annual Meeting, Abstract Book, p. 119.

Munster, H., 1833, Verzeichniss der Versteinerungen, welche in der Kreis-Naturalien-Sammlung zu Bayreuth: 95.

Munster, H., 1839, Uber Einige merkwurdige Fische aus dem Kupferschiefer und dem Muschelkalk: Beitrage zur Petrefaktenkunde, v. 1, n. 2, p. 119-121.

N

Neenan, J. M., Klein, N., and Scheyer, T. M., 2013, European origin of placodont marine reptiles and the evolution of crushing dentition in placodontia: Nature communications, publised on line, 7pp.

Nopcsa, F., 1923, Die Familien der Reptilen: Fortschritte der Geologie und Paleontologie, v. 2, 210pp.

Nosotti, S., and Pinna, G., 1993, Cyamodus kuhn-schnyderi n. sp., nouvelle spece de Cyamodontidae (Reptilia, Placodontia) du Muschelkalk superieur allemand : Comptes Rendues a’ l’Academie des Sciences de Paris, tomo 317, serie 2, p. 847-850.

O

Osswald, K., 1930, Uber einige Rhatfossilien aus dem Risserkogelgeibet (-sudlich Tegernsee) : Jahrbuch des Preussichen Geologischen l’andesamtes, v. 50, p. 733-750.

Owen, R., 1858, Descripton of the Skull and Teeth of Placodus laticeps Owen, with indicatiosn of the other new Species of Placodus, and evidence of the Saurian Nature of that Genus: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, v. 148, n. 1, p. 169-184.

P

Peyer, B., 1931, Paraplacodus broili nov. gen. nov. sp., ein neuer Placodontier aus der Tessiner Trias : Centralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, B 1931, p. 570-573.

Peyer, B., 1931, B. Peyer, Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen, III. Placodontia: Abhandlungen der Schweizerischen Palaeontologischen Gesellschaft, Band LI, p. 3-25.

Peyer, B., and Kunn-Schnyder, E., 1955, Placodontia: In Piveteau J. Traite de Paleontologie, v. 5, p. 459-486.

Pinna, G., 1978, Descrizione di un nuovo esemplare di Placochelyidae del retico Lombardo (Psephoderma alpinum MEYER, 1858) e discussione sulla sinonimia Psephoderma-Placochelyannus: Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, v. 119, n. 3-4, p. 341-352.

Pinna, G., 1990, Protenodontosaurus italicus n.g., n.sp., un nuovo placodonte del Carnico italiano: Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, v. 131, n. 1, p. 5-12.

Pinna, G., 1999, Placodontia (Reptilia Triadica): Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia, pars 136, p. 1-75.

R

Rieppel, O., 2002, The dermal armor of the cyamodontoid placodonts (Reptilia, Sauropterygia): morphology and systematic value: Fieldiana; Geology, new series, n. 46, p. 1-41pp.

S

Scheyer, T. M., 2008, Aging the oldest turtles: the placodont affinities of Priscochelys hegnabrunnensis: Naturwissenschaften, v. 95, p. 803-810.

Schmidt, M., 1928, Die Lebewelt unserer Trias. Hohenloh’sche Buchhandlung Ferdinand Rau, Ohringen.

Schubert-Klempnauer, H., 1975, Macroplacodus raeticus n. g. n. sp.-ein neuer Placodontier aus dem Rat der Bayerischen Alpen: Mitteilungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie und historishce Geologie, v. 15, p. 33-55.

V

Volz, 1903 in Frech F., 1903, Die Mesozoische Aera: Lethaea Geognostica, v. 2, n. 1, p. 1-5, E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.

W

Wang, W., Li, C., Scheyer, T. M., and Zhao, L., 2019, A new species of Cyamodus (Placodontia, Sauropterygia) from the early Late Triassic of south-west China: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, v. 17, n. 17, p. 1237-1256.

Wintrich, T., Hagdorn, H., and Sander, P. M., 2017, An enigmatic marine reptile-the actual first record of Omphalosaurus in the Muschelkalk of the Germanic Basin: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, v. 37, n. 6, e1384739, 12pp.

Y

Yin, G., Zhou, X,. Cao, Z., Yu, Y., and Luo, Y., 2000, A preliminary study of the Early Late Triassic Marine Reptiles from Guanling, Guizhou, China: Geology-Geochemistry, v. 28, n. 4, p. 1-25.

Z

Zhao, L.-J,. Li, Chun,m L., Liu, J., and He, T., 2008, A new armored placodont from the Middle Triassic of Yunnan Province, Southwestern China: Vertebrata PalAsiatica, v. 46, n. 3, p. 171-177.